【作者】 顾兴志；

【导师】 邹建；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 仪器科学与技术， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,随着光纤通信技术的飞速发展,光纤测试设备也同步发展起来,对于传输光的监测与测量显得尤为重要。稳定光源和光功率计正是诸多急待开发的光纤系统测量仪器中的常用的、重要的基础设备。然而市场上中低档产品并不多,面临实验室用户以及低档产品用户的大量需求,因此很有必要进行低成本的研发,本论文较为系统地分析了两种测量仪器的研制过程,并提出了切实可行的研究设计方案。稳定光源系统研制过程中,对半导体激光器与光纤的耦合技术进行了研究分析,得到了一种简单实用的耦合方式。对半导体激光器的驱动恒流源及其保护电路的设计进行了细致的描述。系统采用自动功率控制电路和自动温度控制电路来共同实现对半导体激光器的光功率稳定,自动功率控制电路通过背向采光监测,转换成电信号,处理之后进入单片机系统,采用PID控制算法反馈回受控恒流源,从而达到控制光功率的目的;自动温度控制电路通过负温度系数的热敏电阻传感半导体激光器的温度,并转换成电信号,处理之后进入单片机系统,采用PID控制算法反馈控制半导体致冷器的致冷量来调节半导体激光器的温度,使其恒温工作。文中详细的叙述了其硬件电路的设计过程,以及软件程序的编制过程,并且对电磁兼容性(即抗干扰技术)从硬软件两方面进行了考虑设计。对光功率计系统的组成原理进行了详细的分析,首先介绍了光电探测器的特性,光电转换及前置放大电路的设计,然后对自动量程转换和程控增益放大电路进行了具体的研究,接着描述了单片机系统的人机接口电路,包括按键控制和液晶显示的电路设计,最后对整个系统的软件设计进行了详细的叙述。随着微电子技术的迅速发展,特别是单片机的出现和广泛应用,正在引起测量控制仪表领域的一场新的技术革命,测量仪器的智能化已成为现代仪器仪表发展的主要方向。在系统中引入单片机技术可以使光源更加稳定,光功率计测量更加精确,同时可以增强它们的功能、提高可靠性、改善性能指标等等。两种仪器的电路设计部分和系统软件部分在实验室里面都已经调试成功。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, with the development of fiber communication technology, fiber measure equipment is also in progress, which is obviously signifiable to the measurement of transferring laser. Steady laser source and optical power meter are important fundamental equipments in many fiber system measure instruments that need empolder urgently. While medium-priced and low-priced products in market are little. So in face of a mass of requirement researching low cost products is necessary. This article analyzed the research process of two measure instruments and presented the feasible design scheme.In the research process of steady laser source system, analyzed thoroughly semiconductor laser and fiber coupling technology, and gained an applied and simple coupling mode. Described meticulously driving constant current source and its protecting circuit of semiconductor laser. System adopted the circuit of automatic power control and automatic temperature control to make optical power of semiconductor laser stable. The circuit of automatic power control converted optic signal into electronic signal through reversed light monitoring, entered into microcontroller to process, then adopted PID controller arithmetic to feed back controllable constant current source, and controlled optical power. The circuit of automatic temperature control converted the temperature of semiconductor laser into electronic signal through thermal resistor of negative temperature coefficient, entered into microcontroller to process, then adopted PID controller arithmetic to feed back and control cooling value of thermoelectric cooler, and adjusted the temperature of semiconductor laser to make it work at constant temperature. This article depicted thoroughly the process of hardware circuit designed and software programmed, and considered electromagnetism compatibility (namely anti-interference technology) from two aspects of hardware and software.Analyzed thoroughly the composing principle of optical power meter system. At first, introduced the characteristic of optoelectronic detector and the design of optoelectronic conversion and prepositive amplifier circuit. Then, researched automatic range conversion and gain-programmed amplifier circuit. And then, described man-machine interface circuit of microcontroller system, including the circuit design of keyboard control and LCD. Finally, introduced the software design of the whole system.With the rapid development of electronic technology, especially the emergence and <WP=7>wide application of microcontroller, a new technology revolution in the field of measurement and controlling instrument will come forth. The intelligentizing of measurement instrument turns into the main developmental direction of modern instrument. Introduce microcontroller into the system to make laser source more stable, let the measurement of optical power meter more precise, and advance their function, enhance their reliability, improve the performance and so on. Circuit designs and softwares of two instruments have been debugged in the lab.更多还原