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基于RDF、Ontology技术的语义Web应用研究

【作者】 张晶

【导师】 刘培玉;

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 , 管理科学与工程, 2004, 硕士

【摘要】 IBM和微软公司在它们提出的Web Services(Web服务)中首先提出了服务式的电子商务概念,并定义了实现Web Services的规则(UDDI,WSDL,SOAP等)。对于Web服务的描述可以采用不同的概念体系表示,而同一个概念体系中的概念也可能有同型异义或异型同义的现象。由于在UDDI中注册的服务没有利用任何语义信息,因而无法实现不同概念体系之间服务的匹配,无法根据服务请求者提供的所需服务信息进行准确地服务定位,更不能实现自动的服务互操作。 为了增加对Web服务的语义描述信息,论文采用语义Web倡导的XML、RDF和Ontology技术对Web服务进行语义描述。语义Web的思想就是利用元数据(metadata)语言对Web信息资源的内容进行语义上的描述,从而使计算机能够利用这些语义信息对信息资源的内容进行理解和处理,并在此基础上,实现更高级的、基于知识的智能应用。 利用语义Web技术来指导服务的注册、发布与发现过程,可以帮助服务提供者更加准确的对Web服务进行描述,服务的管理者可以更有序地组织和管理所有相关的服务资源,同时服务中介可以实现不同概念体系之间服务的动态查找、绑定与调整。 本文围绕“基于语义的Web服务”展开,所作的主要研究工作如下: 1.Web服务技术是基于XML语言,使用HTTP协议的一种跨平台、语言无关的互调用方式。它提供了异构系统进行信息交换的机制及商业服务发布和发现机制。语义Web通过建立公共的本体,改进使用不同术语之间的系统的交流方式,为Internet上的资源提供机器可以理解的语义,实现网上资源的语义层次上的互连,并在此基础上实现资源共享和智能应用。本文首先对Web服务及语义Web的关键技术进行了简单的介绍,并将两种技术相结合,对Web服务的语义描述模型进行了研究。 2.在Web服务描述及服务匹配阶段应用语义Web中的知识表示技术,可以提高机器自动寻找符合用户需求条件的服务的能力,减少人工寻找及筛选所需的工作量。在上文提到的Web服务的语义描述模型的基础上,本文研究了基于语义的Web服务描述、发现以及匹配等过程。 3.发现服务的关键,是服务匹配。好的匹配方法,可以帮助服务请求者找到尽可能满意的服务;不好的匹配方法,只能将大量无用的信息返回给用户,此时,用户不得不手工在返回的信息中寻找自己需要的服务,这样就大大增加了人工劳动。本文研究了当前Web服务中的服务匹配方法,在Web服务语义描述模型的基础上,提出了基于语义的Web服务匹配算法,并给出了匹配度的计算公式。本文提出的匹配算法,在一定程度上减少了无用信息的数量。 4.最后,本文提出了基于语义的Web服务实现,在Web服务中引入语义Web的山东师范大学硕}学位沦文关键技术,设计了基于语义的W七b服务结构框架,并阐述了其实现的思想和部分算法。

【Abstract】 IBM and Microsoft Corporation first present the concept of e-commerce oriented-service and define some protocols such as SOAP,WSDL and UDDI about Web Services. The description of web services can be described by some different conceptional systems. Every system can use the same conception to express the different meanings or use the different conceptions to express the same meaning. However,there hasn’t been any semantic information used in UDDI and WSDL,thus information can only be searched by keywords not by semantics and web services matching in different conceptional systems can’t be implemented.In order to add some semantic information to web services description,we use the key technologies about Senmantic Web,such as XML RDF and Ontology.The Semantic Web is a new type of Web which will bring structure to the meaningful content of Web pages. Computers can understand the contents on the Web and perform some judgements and inferences on it.Using the technologies about Semantic Web in the processes of registering, publishing and finding of web services can make the provider of web services describe the web services more accurately and make the manager of web services organize and manage the web services more in order. The Registry can implement dynamic finding, binding and adjusting.The main reseach works we do are as follows:1. The Web Services technology is based on XML language. It provides the mechanism of information exchanging and business services finding. Semantic Web uses the public Ontology Database to improve the way of intercommunion in systems that use the different terms, and Semantic Web provides machine-readable meaning for the resources on the Web. In this paper, we first introduce the key technologies about Web Services and Semantic Web.In the following, we present a Semantic Web Service Description Model based on the principle of Semantic Web. We emphasize our research on the services semantic description and implementation. We also give one example to explain how to describe service with DAML-S.2. Using the knowledge representation technologies in the processes of web services description and matching can improve the ability that satisfies the requester’s requirements about automatic web services finding, and reduces the workload of finding and selecting by manual work. According to the upper contents, we discuss the processes of web services description, finding and matching which are on the basis of semantics.3. The key of web service finding is web service matching. The better matching methods can help the requesters to find more approving services. In this thesis, we study the methods of services matching at present, and on the basis of the webservices semantic description , we discusse the processes of finding services, and put forward one service matching algorithm.4. We discuss the implementary framework of web services based on the semantics in the end. We use the key technologies of Semantic Web in the Web Services, design the web services framework which is based on the semantics, and expound the thinking of implementation and some parts of the algorithms.

【关键词】 语义WebWeb服务OntologyRDFUDDI服务匹配
【Key words】 Semantic WebWeb ServicesOntologyRDFUDDIservice matching
  • 【分类号】TP393
  • 【被引频次】3
  • 【下载频次】429
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