BT25高压大流量电液比例调速阀的设计与研究

【作者】 吴伟辉；

【导师】 胡均平；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 随着电液比例技术的迅速发展，高压大流量电液比例调速阀在军事、采矿、冶金等部门得到越来越广泛的应用，但目前国内外的电液比例调速阀的研究多集中在中低压和中小流量上，高压大流量比例调速阀的研制才刚刚起步。当前这方面的研究往往难以同时兼顾高压、大流量、控制精度三者之间的要求，且阀的结构复杂，价格昂贵。 本文从高压大流量、较高的控制精度且结构简单等原则出发，结合实际需要，展开了以下几个方面的研究和设计工作： (1)首次利用[先导式带位置电反馈型节流阀]+[压差补偿器]流量控制方式设计了一比例调速阀(简称BT25阀)。BT25阀的可控流量大，工作压力高、有较高的控制精度。比例放大器采用了脉宽调制技术，允许两路控制信号输入且能根据输入信号的类型自动完成斜坡时间切换。 (2)研究了BT25阀的性能。对BT25阀的先导阀、压差补偿器进行了理论研究，推导出了影响阀灵敏性的重要参数—压力增益的表达式和影响阀稳定性的重要参数—压差补偿器稳定性判断准则，这为进一步提高阀的性能提供了设计依据和校正准则，文章还对BT25阀在实际工作场合中的负载阶跃响应特性进行了理论分析。 (3)采用功率键合图法建立了BT25阀的动态数学模型，并据此推导出了阀的静态数学模型。利用这二组数学模型，对阀的稳态控制特性、稳态负载特性和电压阶跃响应特性进行了仿真研究，仿真结果表明：BT25阀的可控制流量大、负载抗干扰能力较强，响应速度较快，达到了设计要求。 (4)对BT25阀进行了实验分析与研究。实验结果表明，阀的各项性能指标均满足使用要求，且与仿真结果吻合较好。 整个研究工作表明，BT25阀是一成功的高压大流量比例调速阀设计范例，它也能为其它高压大流量比例调速阀的研制提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 High-pressure and Heavy-flow Electro-hydraulic Proportional Flowrate Regulating Valve (HHFV) is being used in more and more fields. Today, however, the internal and external researches of HHFV are still on the first step. Actually, present researches can’t simultaneously satisfy the needs of high pressure , heavy flow and high precision .Moreover, the structure of the existed HHSV is too complicated, and the price is too expensive. i Aiming at heavy flow control under high pressure situation, simple structure and moderate precision and according to the actual demands, the researches of HHFV have been done as follows:(1) Creatively designed a new HHFV (named as BT25 for short). The body of BT25 is constructed by a pilot throttling valve with position feedback and a pressure compensated valve. The proportional amplifier applies the technology of Plus Width Modulation(PWM), allows tow signals to input and can automatically change the ramp time according to kind of signal.(2) The study of the performance of BT25 has been described. Through the study of the pilot valve and the pressure compensated valve, the author has deduced the formula of the pressure gain of the pilot valve and the judging formula of the stability of the pressure compensated valve, which will give a great help when designing or testing HHFV. The thesis also theoretically analyzed the load step response of BT25 in an actual system.(3) By means of Power Bond Graphs, a dynamic mathematical model and a stable-state mathematical model of BT25 have been built and the two models have been used to simulate the characteristics of the stable-state control ,the stable-state load and the voltage step response . Simulation results show that BT25 allows easy passing of heavy flow and that the power to resist load is strong and the speed of response is sensitive.(4) Some experiments have been done to test BT25 and some relevant analyses of the test results have been taken. It is shown that the performance of BT25 satisfies all the control requirements and accords with the simulation results very well.To sum up, the researches in this thesis brings a successful design of HHFV. The experiences can be generalized in other situations.更多还原