精神分裂症患者大脑两半球功能协同障碍的实验研究

【作者】 陈建国；

【导师】 蔡厚德；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 基础心理学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 目的：大脑两半球的协同功能可以根据加工任务的特点，对注意和加工资源在两半球间进行合理的配置和动态的调节，确保各种认知活动的协调和完整。本研究目的在于探索精神分裂症患者大脑两半球协同功能异常。 方法：用听觉和视觉两个行为实验，对20例符合CCMD-3诊断标准，以阳性症状为主的男性精神分裂症患者和20名正常人作对照研究。实验一：用两耳分听技术，分别测验大脑两半球在非注意条件(自动加工)时和注意条件(控制加工)时的注意分配与执行功能；实验二：用半视野速示术，分别测验在简单任务和复杂任务条件下，左、右视野单侧呈现和两视野同时呈现时，一侧半球加工和两半球同时加工的能力。 结果：两耳分听实验结果显示，非注意条件时，精神分裂症患者为左耳(右半球)优势，而正常人则表现为右耳(左半球)优势；精神分裂症患者在注意左耳或右耳时的成绩虽有明显提高，但对另一侧耳信息的抑制能力与正常人相比明显减弱。半视野速示术的实验结果表明，在简单任务条件下，精神分裂症患者和正常人一样，“同”判断时，两侧同时加工成绩比一侧加工有明显优势；但在较复杂任务“同”判断条件下，正常人两侧加工优势更显著，而精神分裂症患者两侧优势没有进一步提高。 结论：(1)精神分裂症患者两半球协同功能异常；(2)在任务难度较高的条件下表现较为明显；(3)精神分裂症患者认知加工中的脑功能一侧化异常可能与两半球间注意与加工资源配置和调节异常有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: The function of interhemispheric cooperation could distribute and regulate attentional processing resources dynamically between hemispheres in the light of processing task, which ensure coordination and whole of kinds of cognitive processing. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the characteristics of interhemispheric cooperation in patients with schizophrenia.Methods: The subjects were 20 patients with a CCMD-3 diagnosis of schizophrenia, and 20 healthy control subjects. Experiment 1 utilized dichotic listening task. The attentional and executive function were tested under the non-forced condition (automatic) and the two attentional condition (controlled). Experiment 2 used tachistoscopic half visual field task under two dimensions of complex levels and three conditions (left or right visual field , or simultaneously in both visual hemifields) in order to test the function of an half hemisphere or interhemispheric cooperation.Results: On dichotic listening task, the schizophrenic patients showed a left ear advantage(RH) during the non-forced condition, while the healthy subjects a right ear advantage(LH). An accuracy level of the schizophrenic patients" right ear, however, increased dramatically during the forced-right condition. When attending to the one ear, the schizophrenic patients showed an inability to ignore irrelevant stimuli from the other ear. On tachistoscopic visual half visual field task, The patients with schizophrenia showed Bilateral advantage as the healthy subjects during simple task processing when "identical" decided. During more complex task processing, the bilateral advantage of the healthy subjects increased highly, but which of the patients with schizophrenia did not raise further. Conclusions: These results suggest that (1) schizophrenic patients could exhibit impairments of interhemispheric cooperation, (2) especially for more complex task processing; (3) their cerebral functional lateralization deficit may be a lack of cooperation between the hemisphere.更多还原