【作者】 王桂华；

【导师】 尹平河； 赵玲；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 分析化学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来，全国各地出现不法分子收集餐饮业废油脂，经过简单加工处理后，以极低价格卖给饮食店、油脂作坊，掺入食用油中谋取暴利。大量的餐饮业废油脂若被简单提炼流回食用油市场，对人民的身体健康造成的危害是非常可怕的。餐饮业废油脂经过加工，很难通过人的嗅觉和视觉把它鉴别出来。当今，餐饮业废油脂危害性和鉴别研究并没有完全开展。因此，研究餐饮业废油脂的危害性以及有效的分析监控方法，具有极其重要的意义。 本文选用4种潲水油和2种煎炸老油作为研究对象，4种食用油作为参照研究对象，首次对餐饮业废油脂的危害性和鉴别方面作了大量的研究工作。主要在一下几个方面取得了一定的研究进展： 1．研究了餐饮业废油脂的危害成份，餐饮业废油脂成分非常复杂，如果食用会直接导致和诱发多种疾病甚至癌症，对人群健康造成很大危害。 2．潲水油的毒理学研究表明，喂了潲水油的小白鼠120d后出现死亡现象，到180d死亡率达到60％以上。 3．对餐饮业废油脂的理化指标以及脂肪酸等进行了分析，利用测定油脂的酸价、水分含量、比重、折射率、氧化值、微量元素含量、脂肪酸分布和相对不饱和度值以及烃类化合物种类和含量，来鉴别潲水油；利用测定油脂的酸价、氧化值、碘值、脂肪酸分布和相对不饱和度值以及烃类化合物种类和含量，来鉴别煎炸老油。 4．鉴别餐饮业废油脂的简便方法，利用测定酸价来鉴别掺入10％以上潲水油，以及对掺入30％以上煎炸老油的掺伪油脂。 5．利用化学计量学，建立数学模型，可对食用油中是否掺入潲水油或者煎炸老油进行鉴别。 6．建立餐饮业废油脂监控流程，通过感官评定，理化检验和其它仪器方法鉴定这三步能对餐饮业废油脂进行科学有效的监控。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays, some people get together the waste edible oil and sell it to the restaurants in lower price after it is refined simply in order to get more and lawless profits. It is terrible for people’s health if it is eaten. And that it is difficult to distinguish between the waste edible oil by refined simply and the edible oil by people’s sense organs. However, the study of harm and recognition of the waste edible oil have not been developed fully at present, so it is significant for the study of the waste edible oil.This paper analyses and evaluates four kinds of shaoshui-oils and two kinds of fried oils, comparing with four standard edible oils on sale. The harm and recognition has been studied completely at the first time. The progress has been reviewed on several aspects:1.The harm of the waste edible oil has been studied. The components of the waste edible oil are complicated and harmful. If it is eaten directy,it may induce many diseases, even cancer.2. The toxicology of the shaoshui-oil has been studied. The mices which ate the shaoshui-oil died after 120 days, and the mortality was more than 60% in 180 days.3. The recognition study of the waste edible oil. It can distinguish the shaoshui-oil by acid value(AV),water content, specific gravity, refractive index, oxidation value(OV),contents of heavy metal elements, distribution of the fatty acids and relative unsaturation value, varieties and contents hydrocarbons; It can distinguish the fried oil by acid value(AV), iodine value, distribution of the fatty acids and relative unsaturation value, varieties and contents hydrocarbons.4. The simple method of differentiating the waste edible oil. It can be distinguished by acid value(AV).5. The application of mathematical model. A mathematical model has been setup by means of chemoemtrics, so it can distinguish the eaten oil if it mix the shaoshui-oil or the fried oil.6. The establish of checking of the waste edible oil. It is controlled usefully by sense organs , physical and chemical indexes, and other methods of instrument.更多还原