【作者】 张建智；

【导师】 周孑民； 张涛；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 热能工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文简要介绍了浮子流量计的测量原理，采用理论分析、数值仿真与实际流量标定相结合的方法，设计了一系列适合于水平安装的浮子流量计。这种设计方法不仅可以获得浮子组件所受粘性应力的准确值，确定浮子形状、锥管锥度和管道结构对流量测量的影响，而且可以获得流量传感器流场的三维流动信息。本文的主要工作如下： 1．详细分析浮子组件在流场中的受力情况，对水平浮子流量计的测量公式进行了理论推导，确定了流量大小与浮子位置的对应关系。 2．从水平浮子流量计的测量公式出发，结合设计要求，对水平浮子流量传感器进行初步结构设计，利用计算机软件绘制二维设计图纸，并进行三维零件装配与结构检查。 3．利用仿真软件对初步设计的水平浮子流量传感器的流场进行数值计算，并分析流量传感器的速度场、压力场以及浮子组件的受力情况。根据计算结果确定流量系数，修改初步设计的流量传感器的结构。充分利用了浮子的有限行程，从而提高水平浮子流量计测量的灵敏度。 4．对测量大流量的水平浮子流量传感器的结构进行优化。通过对数值结果的分析和比较，采用整流器来改善流量传感器的流场，有效降低了流量计的振动效应，减少了流量测量误差。 5．加工设计模型，并进行实际流量标定，根据标定结果进一步修改水平浮子流量传感器的结构。 实验结果表明，采用数值仿真进行设计的结果相对于实际流量标定的结果，其流量最大满度误差为2.28％；而传统设计方法的流量最大满度误差为12.01％。由此可见，本文的设计方法能更快更有效的达到设计目标，从而缩短设计周期、降低设计成本和提高设计准确度。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article briefs the operating principle of floater flowmeter. A series of floater flowmeters are designed to fit for horizontal installation, which are based on the combination of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and factual flux calibration methods. Through the method, not only the precise viscous stress of the floater components can be obtained; the influence of parameters such as floater shape, cone angle and tube structure on the flux, measurement can be affirmed, but also the three-dimensional flow information about flow field of flux sensor can be acquired. The main works are as follows:1 . The stress conditions of the floater components in the flow field have been analyzed in details, thus, the measurement equations of horizontal floater flowmeter is deduced theoretically, at last the corresponding relationship between flux magnitude and floater position has been ascertained.2. Combined with designation demand, the primary structure of the horizontal floater flux sensor has been designed from the measurement formula of horizontal floater flowmeter. With the aid of computer software, the two-dimensional drawing has been sketched, while the assembly of its three-dimensioned components and the examination of its structure have also been completed.3 . Exerting simulation software, the flow field of elementary designed horizontal floater flux sensor is calculated, as a result, the velocity field,pressure field and the stress of floater components of flux sensor are analyzed. Then it is done to amend the flux sensor’s structure which is affected by the flux coefficient, but the latter is determined by the calculation results. Finally, with the full use of floater path length, it can be done to increase the measurement sensitivity.4. In respect to the flow field with high velocity, the structure of horizontal floater flux sensor should be optimized. Based on the analysis and comparison of numerical values, a rectifier is adopted to improve the flux sensor’s flow field, which can reduce flowmeter oscillation and measurement error effectively.5. The designed model has been processed, and calibrated by its factual flow; furthermore, the structure of the flux sensor can be amended.The experimental results illustrate that numerical imitation results have a flux maximum scale error of 2.28% compared to factual flow calibration results, while the scale error can reach 12.01% with the conventional method. It can say that, the design method can reach design objective more quickly and efficiently, thus, reduce design cycle, cost and increase design precision.更多还原