【作者】 刘建平；

【导师】 张清岑；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 材料学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 作为一种用途十分广泛的重要非金属矿资源，石墨的需求量正日益增大。然而近年可供利用的优质鳞片状石墨储量已大大减少。对于隐晶石墨进行有效的提纯开发十分必要。为了有效开发隐晶石墨资源，本论文展开了针对我国某地产原矿品位84.18％的隐晶石墨的提纯研究。 结合酸碱法和氢氟酸法的优点，在试验室中开发出了能够将该石墨原矿提纯至C_GD％=99.75％的工艺路线，具体参数为：碱用量15g、焙烧温度450℃、焙烧时间5h；盐酸30ml、氢氟酸20ml、酸浸温度70℃、酸浸时间3～5h。最后得到产品的化学组成为：C_GD％=99.75％、A％=0.2％、V％=0.1％、Si％=0.08％、Al％＜0.03％、Fe＜0.03％。 通过X-射线衍射分析、化学分析等技术手段对提纯过程中的物相进行了系统的研究，搞清了除杂过程硅、铝杂质发生的主要变化，同时对焙烧过程中硅的行为进行了动力学研究，得出硅溶出率-时间之间的动力学方程。对动力学方程进行讨论确定并了化学反应控制的机制，其中焙烧过程硅溶出的动力学方程为： 反应的标准状态动力学常数以及活化能分别为： D₀=1.4983×10^-6m²·s^-1 E_D=13.597kJ／mol K₀=2.24316×10^-4m·s^-1 E_K=27.322kJ／mol 最后对酸浸过程中的硅、铝的行为进行了对照研究，得出了对指导生产有利的结论。更多还原

【Abstract】 Being an important nonmetal mineral with widely applying field, more and more natural graphite is needed to drive the society moving ahead when the quality of available squama-liked graphite resource keep atrophying. Tor efficient the exploitation of aphianitic graphite resource, research aiming to purify aphianitic graphite mined in China have been carried out, which has a carbon content 84.18%.Production method though which graphite with the carbon content 99.75% can be produced has been tackled down with the following parameters: 15 grams of soda, melting temperature from 450 C to 550 C, 5 hours of melting time in soda melting process and the additional of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid are 30ml and 50ml respectively the leaching temperatures is 70 C. After a three-hours long leaching process, graphite with CGD%99.75%, V%=0.1%,Si%=0.08%, Al%<0.03%,Fe<0.03% can be produced.Phase in purifying process have been researched though technical XRD and analytical chemistry methods. When the chemical dynamics research of silicon in graphite was carried out, chemical process was found to be the restraining process, the chemical dynamics formula was confirmed asand the essential constants have been made sure to beFinally, the chemical beheave of sicilon and aluminum in acid leaching process have been studied though comparison method.更多还原