【作者】 李晶；

【导师】 钟水映；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 产业经济学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 我国经济比较发达的东南沿海地区，产业集群现象十分明显；尤其在发展速度远高于全国平均水平的浙江，产业集群与专业市场通常是共同存在的。专业市场与产业集群的发展之间必然存在着某种联系。 改革开放以后，为了弥补计划经济体制下商品流通渠道的不足，满足农村工业化发展的需要，在地方政府的扶持下，专业市场得到了迅速的发展。在交通通讯和科学技术飞速发展的今天，能够培植出产业依托的专业市场，其发展潜力更大，对地方经济的促进作用更为明显。 产业集群中存在的集体效率(包括外部经济效应以及企业间的联合行动)，对区域经济的发展以及竞争优势的提高有着重要意义。经验表明，集群的发展和竞争能力的形成在于波特钻石体系中各个因素的协调发展。对发展中国家来说，集群发展的一个共同弊病就是集群内不能发展出良好的竞争环境，包括适宜的地方投资环境和企业之间开放、有序的竞争环境。此外，交易网络和信任机制的存在也是影响发展中国家产业集群发展的关键性因素，而专业市场能够促进两者的形成。 专业市场表明某种产业集群的存在，它能够促进相关产业集群的形成与发展，并与已形成的产业集群联动发展。专业市场对集群发展的作用表现在专业市场能够加强信息的集聚化和专业化；密切分工与合作关系；开拓市场，增加需求；扶持小企业成长；促进支撑产业和配套设施发展；传导政府产业发展政策。 考察浙江的发展历程，可以知道，浙江专业市场产业化发展以及产业集群的形成，有着特殊的背景，包括工商业传统和独特的人文精神、政府所给予的宽松政策环境、正确的初始产业选择、创新环境和民营经济的发展等。浙江的发展经验说明，中西部地区专业市场需要进行产业化发展，而产业集群的发展也可以借助专业市场的力量。 由于汉正街在湖北经济发展中的特殊地位，可以用汉正街市场和建设已初具规模的汉正街都市工业区为例，论证专业市场发展产业基础的可能性，并提出值得中西部地区借鉴的，借助专业市场发展产业集群的战略。 汉正街市场具备比较好的产业发展基础，如巨大而稳定的需求、丰富的人力和原材料储备、便利的交通条件、游荡于市场中的闲散资本等，但同时也存在着技曰武汉大学硕士学位论、、业市场与产业集，。术供给不足、支撑和关联产业发展缓慢等问题。汉正街市场多年来未能形成产业支撑的原因在于市场处于大都市中心、湖北经济发展结构失衡的影响以及企业家资源的缺乏等。 汉正街都市工业区的发展存在的问题有:专业市场的集聚效应和品牌效应没有得到充分发挥;园内企业少，企业间还未能建立起分工协作关系，呈孤立状态;政府和中介机构的作用发挥还有待加强;园区发展单一依靠土地和优惠政策，忽视其他集群发展要素的培植;面临很大来自东南沿海等地相关产业的竞争压力。因此，建设都市工业区的对策有:合理引导确定都市工业区内产业选择;积极培育本地企业家和企业创新网络;改善投资环境，创新工业区管理体制;促进信任机制的形成，提高企业交易效率;建立区域品牌形象，实施品牌战略;提高汉正街市场的创新能力，强化对工业区发展的支撑作用;培育要素市场，推进产业集群向高级化发展;利用老工业基地和周边产业基础，形成产业集群发展优势。更多还原

【Abstract】 Industrial clusters are a striking feature of southeast coastal China where economy is better developed than the rest of China; what’s more, in Zhejiang province, where the economic tempo is more rapid than the average of China, industrial clusters and speciality markets are usually coexisting, so there must be some kind of relations between them.After the economic reform and the opening to the outside world began, under the supports of local governments, speciality markets developed rapidly as supplements to commodity circulation in planning economy, and they met the needs of industrialisation in rural area. Today, because of the rapid development of communications, sciences and technologies, speciality markets with industrial supports will be more potential, and will promote local economy more effectively.The collective efficiency existing in clusters, including external economies and the joint actions among enterprises, is significant to the developing of regional economy and the increasing of competitive advantages. Experientially, the coordinating and harmony of every factor in Porter’s Diamond is crucial to the development of clusters and the formation of competitive potential. In developing countries, the lacking of fine competitive environments, which include good local investment environment and open and orderly competitive environment among enterprises, is a common problem. In addition, the existence of trade networks and effective sanctions and trusts is very important to clusters’ development in these countries. The speciality markets maybe helpful to the formation of trade networks and trusts between enterprises.Speciality market shows the existence of some kind of industrial cluster, it can accelerate the formation and development of related cluster, and it also can co-develop with the cluster. The effects of speciality market on cluster development are: it may reinforce the aggregation and specialization ofinformation; it may help enterprises belong to it to divide work and cooperate with each other; it means greater market and more demands; it can support the growth of small enterprises; it can prompt the development of supporting industries and constructions of specialized facilities; and it is also an effective channel to transmit government’s industrial policies.By reviewing the development of Zhejiang province, we can find out that the industrialization of speciality markets and the formation of industrial clusters in this area have very special backgrounds, including the regional industrial and commercial traditions, unusual human spirits, political environment without too much restrains, the proper selection of industries to enter into, innovation environment, the development of private economy and etc. The experiences of Zhejiang province show that the speciality market in the middle-west China should seek for industrial supports and, in the meanwhile, the development of industrial clusters may also benefit from the speciality markets.Since Hanzhengjie market plays a very important role in Hubei, we may take the market and the Hanzhengjie Urban Industrial Park, which has developed to some extent, as a good example to argue about the possibilities to realize industrialization on the basis of Hanzhengjie market, and put forward strategies on how to take the advantages of Hanzhengjie to develop industrial clusters, which may also be useful in the middle-west China.Hanzhengjie market has a good basis for industrial development, such as great and stable demands, abundant human resources and materials, convenient traffic conditions, capitals idling in the market, and etc. Of course, there are problems such as technological supply deficiency, slow development of supportive and related industries. The reasons that Hanzhengjie market can not develop its own industrial supports in those passing years are: the market locates in the central of a big city; the influence of unbalance of Hubei economic development; the lacking of enterprisers; and etc.The problems lie in the development更多还原