【作者】 陈治国；

【导师】 黎文安； 舒乃秋；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 测试计量技术及仪器， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国经济建设的高速发展，现代电网结构日趋复杂，电网容量不断扩大，对电网运行的可靠性要求也越来越高。而电力系统对变电站又提出了减人增效的要求，这两者之间的矛盾可以通过变电站自动化技术来解决。在变电站自动化系统的设计中如果仍采用面向功能的设计方法，就会使系统的开发、修改和扩充变得越来越困难，不必要的重复设置越来越多，生产效率很难提高，而面向对象的设计方法是解决这些问题的最好选择。本文深入研究了面向对象技术在变电站自动化系统中的应用，从硬件和软件两方面提出了可行的解决方案。 在硬件方面主要在原理上进行了设计，将变电站自动化系统中的保护和监控等功能按照电气间隔划分单元，分布实施。即把变电站一次设备和二次设备的配置按对应原则设计，每个一次设备间隔对应一个二次保护监控单元。这样每个测控单元集保护、控制、测量、通信等功能于一体，且防潮、抗震性能好。各相邻间隔之间只有通信电缆连接，再由开关场的保护控制装置的子网通过接口与上位机通信。通信网络根据变电站的电压等级选择合适的现场总线，并且逐步向以太网过渡。 软件设计方面是我们具体工作的主要部分，我们针对电力系统设备类型少，采集数据集中量大以及数据相互之间的关系密切等特点，采用面向对象的分析与设计方法，把设备和与其相关的数据量、状态量、控制量、特征量及其对应的实施行为封装在一起，让用户从复杂而烦琐的数据关系处理中解放出来。通过分析各种电气设备的性质建立起变电站的抽象模型，并采用Delphi这个软件工具实现了各种电气设备的定义。在此基础上开发出了一套图形组态软件，可以作为变电站监控系统的人机界面部分。并且完成了数据库模块和通讯模块的开发，为后续整个监控软件的开发打下了基础。 文章最后阐述了变电站自动化系统未来的发展趋势，并介绍了硬件和软件两方面的一些新技术。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the fast development of our national economy, the structure of modern electric power net becomes complicated day by day and the containment of the electric power net is constantly increasing. Therefore, the request for the credibility of the running of the electric power net is higher and higher. However, the electric power system demands substation to cut the stuff and improve the efficiency. This contradiction can be resolved by the substation automation technology. If we still apply to function-oriented method in planning substation automation system, it will be harder and harder to develop, revise and amplify the system. As the accumulation of unnecessary repetitive installation, the productive efficiency is hard to improve. So the object-oriented planning method is the best choice to solve this problem. This paper makes subtle study of the object-oriented technology applying to the substation automation system and proposes accessible scheme from hardware and software.In the planning of hardware, the function of protection, monitoring and control etc. should be divided into units according to the electric cell and operated distributed. That is to say, the set up of primary equipment and secondary equipment of substation should be planned according to the correspondent principle. Each primary facility corresponds to one secondary protective and monitoring & control unit. So that each measuring and control unit has the function of protection, control, measuring, communicates etc. what’s more, it owns good quality of water-proof as well as quake-proof. Every adjacent cell is linked by the communication cable and communicates with the host computer by the access to the sub network of the protection and control facility in the switchgear yard. Choose the proper field-bus as the communication net according to the grades of voltage and gradually transfers to Ethernet.In the planning of software, in accordance with characteristics, such as the limitation of the types of electric equipment, the intensive quantity of the acquisition of data, the close relation among the data and so on, the application to theobject-oriented analysis and planning methods encapsulation the equipments with the related data, condition, control and characteristic as well as their corresponding operative action, so that users are liberated from the complicated and dull process of data relation. We build up the abstract mode of substation by analyzing the qualities of various electric equipments and realize the definition of various electric equipments by the application to Delphi software tool. A set of graphic configuration software is developed. It can be regarded as interface between the people and computer of substation monitoring system and make preparation for the further development of the whole monitoring & control software.At the end of this paper, it recounts the future development tendency of substation automation system and introduces some new technologies of hardware and software.更多还原