【作者】 张同翔；

【导师】 任有中；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 工程热物理， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文的研究内容是通过对价格较低的煤基燃料油和石油制品进行处理后，制备成合成燃料油。制备的合成燃料油可以替代重油用作燃油锅炉的燃料，以达到降低燃油成本、减轻燃料油进口压力的目的。用来制备合成燃料油的主要原料是煤焦油、重油。另外还对酸渣油的处理进行研究。合成燃料油可分为以煤焦油为主的乳化型燃料油、煤焦油和重油为主调配成的调合型燃料油。 煤焦油在直接用作燃料油时存在一些燃烧上的问题，本文主要是用乳化燃烧的方法来解决这些问题。对煤焦油燃烧时存在的问题进行了分析，同时也对乳化燃烧的影响进行了解释，说明了乳化燃烧能解决这些问题，乳化后的煤焦油可作为燃料油使用。本文还对煤焦油的乳化进行了研究，介绍了乳化剂的选择，对乳化剂的应用效果进行试验验证，并对煤焦油乳化后的性质变化进行了试验研究。 根据市场的需求，本文还研究了由煤焦油与重油调配成品质较高的合成燃料油。提出了煤焦油与重油调配的原则，研究了两种油调配时燃料特性的变化。对两种主要燃料特性一闪点和粘度，选用了计算其特性变化的经验公式，并通过试验验证了经验公式的准确性及使用范围。 本文还研究了润滑油生产时产生的有污染危害的废油—酸渣油的处理方法。在试验室中对酸渣油进行处理，并测试处理前后酸渣油特性的变化，根据试验结果提出了酸渣油制备燃料油处理方法的设想。 最后，在工业锅炉上进行了乳化型合成燃料油与重油燃烧的对比试验。将燃烧合成燃料油时的锅炉效率和排放的情况与燃料重油进行对比，证明合成燃料油在实际应用中是可以替代重油的。另外还根据调配合成燃料油的特点设计了合成燃料油的生产和储存系统。更多还原

【Abstract】 The reconciliation oil made form low-cost coal-tar oil and petroleum products was investigated in this dissertation. The reconciliation oil can be used as substitute for heavy-oil as fuel oil on oil-burn boiler. The use of reconciliation oil can reduce the cost and mitigate the pressure on the import of fuel oil. The main kinds of material of reconciliation oil were coal-tar oil and heavy-oil. The acid sludge oil also can be used as material after being dealt with. The reconciliation oil had two main type: Emulsified reconciliation oil produced by emulsified coal-tar oil; concocted reconciliation oil produced by concoction of coal-tar oil and heavy-oil.Some combustion problems exited when the coal-tar oil was burn directly. The problems on burning coal-tar oil were described and the influence of burning emulsified coal-tar oil was also analyzed in this dissertation. Why the problems could be solved with burning emulsified coal-tar oil was explained. It was sure that emulsified coal-tar oil could be used as fuel oil. Emulsification process of coal-tar oil and the selection of emulsifying agent were also studied. The experimental investigations on the effect of emulsifying agent and changes on the character of coal-tar oil after being emulsified were made.According to the demands of the market, high quality reconciliation oil made from concoction of coal-tar oil and heavy-oil was also studied. The principle on concocting of coal-tar oil and heavy-oil was put forward. The change of the characteristic when the two types of oil were concocted was studied. Empirical equations of flash point and viscosity were obtained. The accuracy and the range of these empirical equations were verified through the experiments.The processing method on acid sludge oil-the waste of acid refining craftwork of the lubricating oil, was put forward. The effect of the processing method was tested. By the experimental results, technological process of reconciliation oil made from acid sludge oil was designed.Contrast test was made on an industrial boiler between heavy-oil and emulsified reconciliation oil. The heat efficiency and emission of these two kinds of oil were compared. Based on the results, reconciliation oil can be used as substitute for heavy-oil as fuel oil on oil-burn boiler. Besides, the produce and deposit system which fitted the characteristic of the reconciliation oil were designed in the dissertation.更多还原