【作者】 郭阿君；

【导师】 岳桦； 王志英；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 园林植物与观赏园艺， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 室内环境与植物的光合作用、蒸腾作用、自然挥发物抑菌作用的相关性是室内植物设计的理论依据。在不同的室内环境条件下，选择在固碳释氧、蒸腾释水、蒸腾吸热、自然挥发物抑菌作用等改善环境效益方面突出的功能植物，对于室内植物设计具有重要的意义。本论文选择10种观叶植物，通过对供试的室内环境进行不同季节光、温、湿的动态研究，获得了室内的光分布动态曲线，选取具有代表性的5种室内光环境。在不同环境条件下，利用Li-6400便携式光合作用系统对植物固碳释氧能力、蒸腾释水能力、蒸腾吸热能力进行了研究。利用室内水插枝法测定10种供试植物自然挥发物的抑菌作用。其研究结果如下： 1．10种植物固碳释氧作用：在室内直射光区域(668～820μmol·m^-2·s^-1)，10种植物日释氧量为0.34～5.26g·m^-2·d^-1，日固碳量0.47～7.23g·m^-2·d^-1。其中橡皮树Ficus elastica日固碳释氧量最高，短叶虎尾兰Sansevieria hahnii日固碳量最低。在明亮光区域(20～104μmol·m^-2·s^-1)，10种植物的日释氧量为0.05～4.55g·m^-2·d^-1，日固碳量6.26～-0.33g·m^-2·d^-1，其中绿萝Scindapsus aureum、南方香茶菜Plectranthus australis、蜘蛛抱蛋Aspidistra elatior、橡皮树的日固碳释氧量较高，短叶虎尾兰日固碳量最低。在室内阴暗的条件(3～5μmol·m^-2·s^-1)下，细叶波士顿肾蕨Nephrolepis cordifolia var．marshallii死亡。其余植物均表现出明显的徒长现象。 2．10种供试植物增湿降温作用：在室内直射光区域(668～820μmol·m^-2·s^-1)，10种植物日蒸腾释水量为1492.37～122.78 g·m^-2·d^-1，日蒸腾吸热量3642.70～299.58 KJ·m^-2·d^-1，其中泡叶冷水花Pilea nummulariifollia日蒸腾释水量及吸热量最高，金边富贵竹Dracaena Sanderiana ‘Golden edge’最低。在明亮光区域(40～104μmol·m^-2·d^-1)，10种植物的日蒸腾释水量为759.51～15.45g·m^-2·d^-1，日蒸腾吸热量1853.74～37.70KJ·m^-2·d^-1。其中绿萝、南方香茶菜、蜘蛛抱蛋、橡皮树的释水吸热量较高，短叶虎尾兰最低。 3．10种植物抑菌作用：自然挥发物抑菌试验中蜘蛛抱蛋对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制最强，抑菌率38.24％。橡皮树对放线菌的抑制最强，抑菌率23.14％。南方香茶菜对木霉的抑制最强，抑菌率29.62％。绿萝对黑曲霉的抑制最强，抑菌率30.22％。其余次之。植物内含物抑菌试验中，蜘蛛抱蛋、银边吊兰chlo代少hytuln com^。沁尹艺绍。tum对木霉的抑制最强，分别为67 .79%、62.20%。其余8种植物内含物对木霉无抑制作用。蜘蛛抱蛋和短叶虎尾兰对黑曲霉的抑制明显，其抑菌率分别为60 .12%、63.16%。仅短叶虎尾兰对放线菌的生长有抑制作用。 本论文对10种室内观叶植物在不同环境中日释氧固碳、蒸腾释水能力以及抑菌作用特点进行了研究，为室内植物设计提供了理论依据。在室内18℃一22℃、相对湿度40%⁶5%条件下，直射光区域至明亮光区域内橡皮树，明亮光区域绿萝、南方香茶菜、泡叶冷水花、细叶波士顿肾旅、合果芋Syngonium夕o峨，hyllum是具有较强环境效益的功能植物，建议合理使用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The relativity between interior environment and photosynthesis, transpiration, bacteriostatic action of volatile secretion of plant is the theories of the interior plant design. Under the different indoor environment, choose the best plant in the function of nitrogen fixation and oxygen release,transpired water release, absorbed caloric, bacteriostatic action . It is significant to interior plant design.10 species of foliage plants were tested indoor. On the basis of the study of dynamic light distribute .temperature and humidity of air indoor.This paper select 5 kinds of indoorses light environment. Under the different environment, study the abilbity of nitrogen fixation and oxygen release,transpired water release,absorbed caloric of different foliage plants by Li-6400 Portable Photosynthesis System.Study the ability of volatile secretion bacteriostasis by method of indoor dipping in water.the results are as follows:In the fact of nitrogen fixation and oxygen release of 10 species plant: When the light intensity is 668~820 u molm-2s-1 , the amount of plants’ oxygen release is 0.34~ 5.26 g m-2 d-1, the amount of nitrogen fixation is 0.47~7.23 g m-2d-1. Among 10 species plants , the most is Ficus elastica. the Sansevieria trifasciata ’Hahnii’ is the most little. When the light intensity is 20~104u molm-2s-1 the amount of plants’ oxygen release is 0.05~4.55 g m-2 d-1, the amount of nitrogen fixation is 6.26~-0.33 g m-2 d-1. Among 10 species plants, Scindapsus aureus,Plectranthus australis,Aspidistra elatior, Ficus elastica are the best. Sansevieria trifasciata ’Hahnii’ is the most little, when the light intensity is 3~5 umolm-2s-1, Nephrolepis cordifolia var.marshallii died, the rest plants all express thin .In the facts of transpired water release and absorbed caloric of 10 species plant: When the light intensity is 668~820 W molm-2s-1, the amount of transpired water release is 1492.37-122.78 g’m’^d"1, the amount of absorbed caloric is 3642.70~299.58 KJ m-2 d-1. Among 10 species plants , Pilea nummulariifollia is the most,and the Dracaena Sanderiana ’Golden edge ’is the most little. When the light intensity is 20~ 104 umolm-2s-1 the amount of transpired water release is 759.51~15.45g m-2 d-1, the amount of absorbed caloric is 1853.74~37.70 KJ m-2 d-1. Among 10 species plants, Scindapsus aureus Plectranthus australis Aspidistra elatior Ficus elastica are the best. Sansevieria trifasciata ’Hahnii’ is the most little.In the facts of bacteriostatic action of volatile secretion:The volatile secretion from Aspidistra elatior had the strongest inhibition on Staphylococus aureus,the rate of bacteriostasis is 38.24%, Ficus elastica had the strongest inhibition on actinomycetes,the rate of bacteriostasis is 23.14%, Plectranthus australis had the strongest on Trichoderma viride Pers.ex Fr.,the rate of bacteriostasis is 29.62%. Scindapsus aureus had the strongest on Aspergillus niger,the rate of bacteriostasis is 30.22%. In the facts of contents bacteriostasis: Aspidistra elatior, Chlorophytutn comosum cv.Variegatum, had the most strongest on Trichoderma viride Pers. Ex Fr., the rate of bacteriostasis is 67.79%,62.20%. Aspidistra elatior , Sansevieria trifasciata ’Hahnii ’ had the strongest on Aspergillus niger,the rate of bacteriostasis is 60.12%,63.16%, Sansevieria trifasciata ’Hahnii’ had the strongest on Actinomycetes.The thesis study on the characteristic of photosynthesis, transpiration, bacteriostatic action of volatile secretion among 10 species of foliage plants in different environment indoor. These tests provide the theories for the interior plant design.from direct light area to bright area,it is appropriate to use of Ficus elastica, in direct rays area, it is appropriate to use Syngonium podophyllum ’Pixie ’ , Scindapsus aureus, Nephrolepis cordifolia var.marshallii, Pilea nummulariifollia, Plectranthus australis.更多还原