【作者】 刘云斌；

【导师】 黄涛；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 环境工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 随着经济发展、人民生活水平的提高和城市人口的急剧增长，城市垃圾问题日益成为困扰世界各国城市发展的重要问题。目前，城市的生活垃圾处理主要有三种方式：焚烧、卫生填埋和堆肥，其中的卫生填埋作为一种有效的消纳城市垃圾的处理方式，是世界各国垃圾处理的首选。 垃圾填埋场会对周围的土壤、地下水、大气造成现实的影响和潜在的危害，不合理的填埋场址其后期对周围的环境影响将是灾难性的，所以，选址工作在垃圾填埋场的整个建设中的地位显得尤为重要。 垃圾填埋场选址比一般工程选址所要考虑的因素更多，工作更困难，涉及到自然、经济、社会各方面，因而处理起来非常复杂，稍有疏漏容易造成严重后果。就目前现状而言，单一传统的垃圾场选址工作是采用资料研究和实地踏勘的方式，由于各种因素的复杂不确定性，以及人的主观性影响，很难考虑周全，以至于会造成人力、物力的浪费。 基于这种情况，本项研究将模糊综合评判方法引入到城市生活垃圾填埋场的选址研究当中，是一个全新的探讨，旨在为填埋场选址提供一个新思路和一种便捷高效的新方法，希望能为填埋场选址问题提供一定的参考价值和借鉴意义。对于填埋场选址，某些需要考虑的因素含有不确定性(即模糊性)，模糊数学的产生为描述这类边界不清的事物提供了一套有效的方法，即通过建立隶属函数，使这一类模糊因素得到了量化，从而能够在模糊环境中解决问题，做出正确决策。同时结合层次分析法(AHP)计算出各评价指标的权重值，使决策结果更具有科学性及合理性。 通过对上海市老港填埋场场址的实际应用，说明：一、老港填埋场的场址选择是合理的；二、本系统的结果是可信的，具有一定的可行性和适用性。在此基础上，开发了人机交互式计算程序，使选址工作更加便捷，具有可操作性。更多还原

【Abstract】 With development of economy, improvement of people’s living standard and rapid increment of population in cities, the problem of municipal waste becomes more and more important to the issue of cities’ sustainable development for every country. There’re mainly three ways such as incineration, landfill and compost to deal with municipal waste at present. As an effective mean to treat municipal waste, landfill is the primary method all over the world.Around landfill site, soil, groundwater and air will be set in a potentially dangerous status. An unreasonable landfill site selection will be catastrophic to environment in future. Therefore, site selection is of more importance to the whole construction of landfill.The factors of landfill site selection, which involve natural, economical and social aspects, should be considered more carefully than any other engineering site selection. So landfill site selection is more difficult and complex to be dealt with. A careless omission is easy to lead to a serious result. With the present point of view, landfill site selection is technical documents’ identification and site exploration in situ. It is difficult to consider the factors entirely due to the complex factors and the impaction of people themselves. Sometimes it may even lead to a waste of more human and material resources.Based on above .situation, this study applies the fuzzy synthetic evaluation method to landfill site selection for municipal waste. This is an advanced study issue, and its aim is to offer man a new thought and a new method for landfill site selection. At the same time, it is wandered to be able to set some referable values for landfill site selection. Talking about landfill site selection, some factors that need to be considered contain uncertainty (fuzzy). The appearance of fuzzy mathematics has offered a set of effective method to describe this kind of thing whose boundary is not settled. Through establishing subordinate function and making these fuzzy factors quantified, we can solve problems in fuzzy environment and make suitable decisions. Simultaneously combined with applying the method of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the weightiness of each appraised index is set, which can make the evaluation result more scientific and reasonable.Through applying this fuzzy synthetic evaluation to Laogang landfill inShanghai, we drew two conclusions: Firstly, current Laogang landfill site selection is reasonable; Secondly, the result of this evaluation system is credible, which has certain valuable feasibility and applicability. On this foundation, a computer program based on conversation between people and machine is developed, which can make work of landfill site selection for municipal waste more convenient and operational.更多还原