玻璃基废弃物复合材料的研制及性能分析

【作者】 季绍武；

【导师】 孙可伟；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 环境工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文介绍了废弃物复合材料的发展背景和现状，国内外废玻璃的回收利用情况及铸造废砂的综合利用情况，并总结了国内外玻璃基废弃物复合材料的发展历程，技术现状和应用情况，为我国绝热材料行业发展优质的新型玻璃基废弃物复合材料提供有效的借鉴作用。本文以废玻璃和铸造废砂为主要原料，添加适量发泡剂及辅助原料，用粉末烧结法制备玻璃基废弃物复合材料。通过分类比较和对比实验，确定了制品生产原料中铸造废砂的用量，发泡剂的种类、粒度和用量，助熔剂和稳泡剂的用量。确定了烧成工艺的各个阶段的温度和停留时间。采用金相显微镜和图像分析仪对制品的气泡结构进行检测和分析，重点探讨了制品气泡核的形成、泡体的膨胀和冷却固化过程中的机理和影响因素。通过对制品宏观物理性能的检测，分析了铸造废砂的用量，发泡剂的种类、粒度和用量，助熔剂和稳泡剂的用量对制品结构与性能的影响，以及烧成工艺的各个阶段对制品结构与性能的影响。从而确定了制备玻璃基废弃物复合材料的较佳工艺条件。此外，还对玻璃基废弃物复合材料的吸声性能进行检测和分析。研究表明：铸造废砂的掺入有助于提高制品的抗压强度和抗折强度；发泡剂1与发泡剂3的适量组合使用可获得均匀的闭孔型气泡结构；助熔剂1和稳泡剂1可以改善制品的气泡结构；绝热型玻璃基废弃物复合材料制备的较佳配方为：废玻璃：铸造废砂：发泡剂1：发泡剂3：助熔剂1：稳泡剂1=70：30：7：1． 5：4． 5：4。较佳烧成工艺见图2． 2。较佳产品的性能为：孔径1． 41mm，孔隙率87％，容重367kg／m3，导热系数0． 043w／m．k，抗压强度1． 46MPa，抗折强度0． 85MPa，含水率2％，吸水率12． 3％。而制品的吸声系数仅为0． 115。论文对几种绝热材料的性能进行比较，分析了绝热型玻璃基废弃物复合材料的性能优点、应用领域、市场前景、机遇和优惠政策。结果表明，本课题利用废玻璃和铸造废砂研制绝热型玻璃基废弃物复合材料是一种合理的废弃物综合利用方法，符合可持续发展原则和生态环境材料的发展要求，具有很高的经济效益、社会效益和环境效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article introduces the background and condition of waste composite development, the development of recycling waste glass and foundry sand and the development condition of glass-based waste composite at home and abroad. It can provide beneficial reference to glass-based waste composite production and research as a kind of thermal insulating material in China.In this article, waste glass and the foundry waste sand were used as basic material, as well as foaming agent and auxiliary materials. When they were mixed as powder and heated enough, the glass-based waste composite was manufactured. By comparison and experiments, the amount of foundry waste sand, the variety, the granularity and the quantity of foaming agent, and the quantity of flux and stabilizer in raw material were fixed. Temperature and time in different heating phases were also fixed. By means of metallogenetic microscope and image analyzer, the structure of air bubbles in glass-based waste composite was tested and analyzed. Especially, the theory and influential factors on air bubbles’ forming, expanding and solidifying in glass-based waste composite were analyzed deeply. Through the test on related properties of glass-based waste composite, the properties of glass-based waste composite versus the amount of foundry waste sand, the variety, the granularity and the quantity of foaming agent, and the quantity of flux and stabilizer were analyzed. It was also analyzed that how different phase of heating influence the structure and properties of products. So the advanced technical conditions in manufacturing glass-based waste composite were gained. Sound absorbing performance of glass-based waste composite were also tested and discussed.It was indicated that foundry waste sand was beneficial to improve the compressive strength and the flex strength of product, the closing structure of air bubbles could be gained by foaming agentl and foaming agent3, flux1 and stabilizerl could improve the closing structure of air bubbles in glass-based waste composite. The best compositions of the product as a kind of thermal insulating material was the rejected glass: the foundry waste sand: foaming agentl: foaming agent3: fluxl: stabilizerl =70:30:7:1.5:4.5:4. The optimum process conditions of the product can be seen drawing 2.2.In test on the optimum product, the diameter was 1.41 mm,the porosity was 87%,the bulk density was 367kg/m3, the thermal conductivity was 0.043w/m.k, the compressive strength was 1.46MPa, the flex strength was 0.85MPa, the water content was 2%, the water absorption rate was 12.3%. Sound absorbing coefficient was only 0.115.By comparison between the product and other insulation material, it was analyzed about its advanced properties, utilization field, market tendency, chance and policy conditions. It was proved that using waste glass and foundry waste sand to produce the glass-based waste composite is a sensible way to recycle and reuse the waste glass and foundry waste sand, and it is feasible to the main ideas of sustainable development and the ecological materials development, and the economic profit, social profit and environmental profit are remarkable.更多还原