【作者】 赵金东；

【导师】 徐高潮；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 计算机软件与理论， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 面向对象的开发方法是一种很有发展前途的方法，它强调以系统中的数据或信息为主线，全面、系统、详细的描述系统的信息模型，指导系统的设计。面向对象程序是由可复用软件构件-对象构造起来的，因此面向对象模式是一种基于复用的软件开发模式。软件复用是提高软件开发生产率和软件产品质量的一条行之有效的途径。作者在系统开发的全过程中始终贯穿着软件复用的思想，使开发出的系统具有很好的可维护性和可扩充性，降低了软件的开发费用和维护费用，对采用面向对象方法成功的开发系统起了一定的参考价值。本文首先介绍面向对象和软件复用的基本概念，论述了采用面向对象思想辅助软件开发的优点和软件复用对开发方法的影响。其次，本文对企业的现状进行了剖析，指出了管理、效率是目前企业面临的主要问题，对企业现行管理系统进行分析，从数据量、广度、深度、实施力度等几个方面指出现行系统的不足，然后本着以企业管理为核心、高度数据共享、分布式处理的原则进行了系统的具体设计，给出了系统的体系结构、系统的功能方案、数据方案，网络方案、Internet方案。接着，本文论述了基于Web的应用系统的结构、使用UML对基于Web的系统建模和以软件复用思想指导进行系统设计的方法。具体分析了Web应用的结构框架，并根据其业务逻辑关系将其分为六层；研究了Web应用中需要重点解决的问题，给出了相应的对策。通过与传统C/S结构应用做对比，提出了将Web页面与程序分离的方案。将Web页面分解为各个独立的部件，并利用UML对系统中的各部件建模。随后，本文论述了面向对象开发平台的建立，以PFC为基础建立系统的开发平台的全过程，给出了一些优秀的设计思想；论述了面向对象方法对系统的具体实施过程，重点介绍了一种独特的方法，使用数据库技术实现用户身份验证、通用表单的设计，特别是不依赖表结构的查询表单、数据库查询和数据报表的实现，解决了将面向对象技术用于Web应用中的难点问题，其中结合了UML中的许多先进思想以及作者在多年开发中的经验。最后，给出了两种构件的的设计与实现方法，并对未来的软件开发模式进行了探讨。由于在开发滨南管理系统中采用了上述开发模型，加快了开发进度，降低了开发费用和维护费用，增强了系统的可扩充性和可维护性；同时，也给出了使用面向对象技术开发基于Web的应用系统的一种崭新方案。目前，整个系统已投入运行，用户反映良好。上述事实证明该开发模型是极其有效的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The object-oriented developing approach, a highly promising one, with the data or information of system as its core, provides a comprehensive, systemic and detailed way to describe the information model of system so as to instructs the designing of system. The object-oriented program comprises reusable objects , and therefore, the object-oriented model is a model of developing software based on reusing software that is a feasible way to improve software productivity and its quality. The author, emphasizing the technique of reusing software all the time in the course of developing, proves its ability to make system more maintainable and more expansible by decreasing the expenses of software development and maintenance, and also offers some referential value for successfully developing system by object-oriented approach.Firstly, the thesis, by introducing the basic concepts of object-oriented approach and reusing software, expounds the advantages of object-oriented approach in helping develop Web_based application and the influences of reusing software on developing approach.Secondly, the thesis, by analysis the present situation of enterprises, points out that management and efficiency are the primary problems for them; by analyzing the present management system of enterprises, it indicates the insufficiency of present system in the aspects of amount of data, extent, depth, and implementing strength; and by processing the concrete designing of system according to the principles of enterprise management as the core, highly sharing of data and distributed transaction, it puts forward the ideas of, systemic system structure, systemic function plan, data plan, network plan and internet plan.Thirdly, the thesis discusses the architecture of the Web-based system and the approach of modeling the system using UML guided by the ideas of reusing software; specifically analyzing the architecture of Web_based application,divide it into six layers according by its business logical relation.;It studies the difficulties in building Web_based applications using OOP approach,and present corresponding countermeasures.By comparing with traditional C/S application,it discuss an scheme that separate the pages from the program codes;dividing the pages into several different components and modeling these components using UML.Fourthly, the thesis, by discussing the establishment of object-oriented developing flat and the whole course of establish the developing flat based on the PFC, brings forward some excellent ideas of designing; it puts forward concrete implementing course of the object-oriented developing approach; specifically introducing a particular way that using DB implements authenticate the users,designes the all-purpose forms ,especially the implementing of query form,querying DB and reporting that does not rely on the <WP=70>sutructures of tables in database.It resolve the nodus of applying OOP in Web_based applications.Finally, the thesis brings forward approaches of designing and implementing two kinds of components, and discusses the future model and developing software.As an sample of adopting the model in Web_based applications, the Binnan MIS has accelerated the speed of developing, decreased the cost of development and maintenance and enhanced the maintainability expansibility of system, and at present, the whole system is in good condition and is well appreciated by its consumers, all of which testifies that the model is effective.更多还原