【作者】 高向华；

【导师】 许并社；

【作者基本信息】 太原理工大学 ， 材料加工工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 虽然人们很早就发现银离子具有很好的抗菌活性，但由于银盐遇光或长期保存都极易变氧化物变色降低抗菌性能，接触水时易析出而导致抗菌寿命降低等，给应用方面带来困难。为了解决这些问题，人们采用内部有孔洞结构的材料如沸石、硅胶作为载体，通过物理吸附或离子交换的方法，将银离子牢固负载在其孔内或表面制成无机抗菌剂，以防氧化。该类无机抗菌剂在安全性、抗菌持久性、广谱性和耐热性方面优于传统的有机抗菌剂，并且很好地解决银离子的变色问题，控制离子释放速度，提高离子在材料中的分散性以及离子和材料的相容性问题，成为目前环境保护支持下的热门研究方向。在众多无机抗菌剂的研究开发中，银系抗菌沸石的研究开发是一大热点。4A沸石主要基于它独特的内部结构，具有多孔的特点，空隙体积可达50％以上，孔径为0.4nm，明显大于Ag⁺、Zn²⁺的有效半径或水 太原理工大学硕士学位论文化半径。因此利用4A沸石作为Ag+交换载体，制成沸石型载银无机抗菌剂，具有良好的抗菌性和热稳定性。 本文选择了4A、13x型沸石作为载体，采用溶液离子交换的方法，分别合成了载Ag十、载zn2+以及Ag+、zn2+复合的抗菌沸石粉体。详细研究了交换时间、温度、pH值以及交换溶液的浓度对沸石交换量的影响。研究结果表明:交换液浓度、pH值对沸石交换量的影响较大，但在满足抗菌性能的要求下，为了节约成本，我们选择AgNO3的初始浓度为0.1 mol几;交换温度为60℃，搅拌时间为4h，pH值为6.0一8.0;Ag十、zn2+复合的抗菌沸石中第二次zn2+交换对于第一次Ag+交换的影响很小。 本文还通过X射线衍射谱、FTIR、扫描电镜、BET比表面积分析、粒径分析等方法，对抗菌沸石粉体微观结构进行了研究。通过菌落计数法对沸石抗菌剂进行了抗菌性能测试。初步得到了一些结论:Ag+、zn2+复合的抗菌沸石的抗菌效力最好，这可能与Ag+、zn2+的协同效应有关，其次是载Ag+沸石。更多还原

【Abstract】 Although silver ion is of excellent antibacterial property, silver salt is easily oxidized and discoloured under light or in long storage and its antibacterial activity is therefore deactivited. Moreover, its antibacterial property may obviously get worse due to the precipitation of silver in contact with water. All those disadvantages make the application very limited. To solve above problems the materials with inner pores such as zeolite and silica gel are used as carriers to firmly support silver ion by physical absorption or ion exchanging. Compared with conventional organic antibacterial agents, inorganic ones are superior in terms of safety, antibacterial durability, wide antibacterial spectrum and heat resistance. Theresearch of antibacterial materials has become how to release antibacterial ions slowly and to improve their dispersion in and compatibility with matrix. Of many inorganic antibacterial agents (lAAs), silver-zeolite is becoming more and more popular. 4A zeolite is a porous crystalline material with porosity over 50%. The average diameter of pores is about 0.4nm, which is far greater than action or hydrated radius of silver or zinc ion. So 4A zeolite is chosen as carrier to prepare Ag/4A by ion-exchanging, which has perfect antibacterial performance and heat stability.In this paper, two kinds of IA As, single-ion exchanged zeolite (silver zeolite, zinc zeolite) and double-ion exchanged zeolite were prepared by ion exchanging with 4A and 13X zeolite as carriers respectively. The preparation conditions were investigated and optimized. The results show that the concentration of exchanging solution and pH value has great effect on exchanging amount. The antibacterial tests were carried out. The starting concentration of silver nitrate was 0.1N. The ions exchanging was carried out at 60 C for 4h with pH value controlled at 6.0-8.0. Asfor double-ion exchanged zeolite, the exchanging of zinc ions has little influence on that of the silver ions.The microstructure of antibacterial zeolite was investigated by XRD, FTIR, SEM, BET and particle size analysis, and antibacterial performance was tested according colony number. The primary conclusion is that the antibacterial performance of double-ion exchanged zeolite is superior to that of Ag/zeolite because of the conjugated of silver and zinc ions.更多还原