【作者】 王小敏；

【导师】 韦家川； 张慧英；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验对香蕉试管苗的生产及其变异因素进行了分析，结果表明香蕉吸芽是比较好的试管苗生产外植体，而2％Hgcl₂灭菌30min能达到比较好的灭菌效果，在香蕉试管苗增殖阶段以3 mg／L的6-BA为合适的细胞分裂素浓度，威廉斯和红香蕉可附加0.4 mg／L的NAA，而西贡蕉则可不加。1／2MS附加1 mg／L的NAA有利于试管苗的生根。2％-3％的蔗糖对西贡蕉增殖有利。继代代数对香蕉试管苗的影响较大，随继代代数的增加，增殖率有先高后低的趋势，变异率呈升高的趋势。从染色体的变化看，染色体变异要远远大于形态变异，在继代前期染色体变异以少于33条染色体，后期以大于33条染色体为主。形态变异与染色体变异的比值随继代代数的增加而增大。香蕉过氧化物同工酶酶带可分为3个带区，其中中带区的酶带较强，一旦中带区的酶带发生变化会导致形态上的严重畸变。各酶带的迁移率表现出品种基因型的不同。在试管苗移栽时喷施低浓度（一般不超过1％）的MET有利于试管苗的成活。还通过大棚和田间的观察，总结出各种变异体的形状特征，在试管苗生产实践中尽快发现变异体并淘汰变异苗是减少生产上损失的重要手段。更多还原

【Abstract】 We analyzed production and its variation factors of the banana plantlets in vitro in this experiment. The result showed that the bud is a better ex-plant to produce the plantlets in vitro and using 2% Hgcl2 disinfect germ 30 minutes can attain the good result. The 3 mg/L 6-BA was appropriate cytokinin in multiplication stage, and can added 0.4 mg/L NAA for Williams and Red and Green but the Xi’gong can not added. 1/2MS appending 1mg/L NAA was favorable rootage for plantlets in vitro. 2% ~ 3% sucrose concentrations was favorable to Xi’gong in multiplication period. The numbers of subculture had great influence to vitro rapid propagation. The rate of hyperplasia contained low trend in first and high trend in late with the subculture ascending but the variation rate always ascended. The proportion of aberration observed in cell was higher than that expressed on whole plants. The domination numbers of chromosome were less than 33 at the prophase of the subculture and above 33 at subsequently in aberration of cells. The ratio of morphologicvariation comparing cell variation would large. The isozyme of peroxide can be divided three enzyme sections and the mid section enzyme were strong and clear. Once enzyme of the mid sections occur variety will conduced great aberrance in morphology. The transfer rate of enzyme strip reflected the different of very genotype. Spraying low-concentration MET (generally not over 1%) redound to surviving rate of vitro plant in transplant stage. This experimentation summarized the shape characteristic of some kinds of variation of plants from observation in the greenhouse and field. It is important methods to detected variation and eliminated them in production as soon as possible.更多还原