【作者】 程斌；

【导师】 梁成浩；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 化学工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 以大庆炼化公司减三线馏分油和糠醛抽出油为原料，发烟硫酸为磺化剂，合成了两种石油磺酸钠产品。将产品用柱层析和萃取两种方法分离提纯，分析了产品的组成，比较了两种分离方法的效果。结果表明，两种分离方法效果相当，但萃取法受盐含量影响较小，且时间短，萃取所使用的溶剂无毒。对提纯后的石油磺酸钠进行了红外光谱、质谱、核磁共振分析和表征。从质谱图上得到两种原料合成的石油磺酸钠的分子量分布、平均分子量、平均碳数，发现以减三线馏分油合成的产品分子量分布较宽，且平均分子量较大，并推测出石油磺酸钠由烷基苯类、茚满类、苯并二环己烷类、烷基萘类、苊类、芴类、葸（或菲）类等结构族组成。以减三线馏分油合成的石油磺酸钠中，茚满类含量最高，烷基苯类、苯并二环己烷类和烷基萘类次之，苊类、芴类和蒽（或菲）类含量最低。从核磁共振谱图上得到了取代基烷基碳链的支化度、芳香度等结构参数。 以0.3％（质量分数，下同）的石油磺酸钠产品与0.6％的Na₂CO₃、1200mg/L的聚丙烯酰胺组成的三元复合驱油体系，可以使大庆采油五厂原油和大庆地层模拟水之间的界面张力降至超低—10（-3）mN/m数量级，其中以减三线馏分油合成的石油磺酸钠产品性能更优，瞬时界面张力和平衡界面张力（2h后）均可达到超低。动态界面张力随着时间的变化存在最低值，对比实验发现，过高的磺化反应温度、发烟硫酸与原料油中芳烃含量的摩尔比以及石油磺酸钠产品中无机盐含量均不利于产生超低界面张力。界面张力实验表明，对于重油组分较多的石蜡基大庆原油，平均分子量较高的石油磺酸钠能获得较好的界面张力效果，说明原料油的种类也对产品的性能产生影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sodium petroleum sulfonates (SPS) were synthesized with vacuum distillate oil and furfural extracted oil as feed stock oil and oleum as sulfonated agents and then were purified with two different methods: liquid chromatography method and extraction method. The latter is more effective and less time-consuming than the former. What’s more, the solvent used in extraction is non-poisonous and the extraction is less influenced by salinity. SPS were analyzed and characterized with infrared spectrum (IR), mass spectrum (MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The molecular weight distribution, average molecular weight, and average carbon number were obtained from MS. The molecular weight distribution of SPS synthesized with distillate oil is wider than the other and average molecular weight is greater. The group component, including alkyl benzene, indane, alkyl naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluoene, and anethracene (or phenanthrene), of SPS is speculated from MS. Branchiness index of substituted aryl of SPS and aromaticity of SPS were gained from NMR.The mixed flooding system, composed of 0.3% (weight ratio) surfactant, 0.6% sodium carbonate and 1 200mg/L polypropylene amide, capable of generating ultralow interfacial tension between Daqing crude oil and simulated Daqing stratum water. SPS synthesized with distillate oil can yield ultralow interfacial tension both at dynamic IFT and balance IFT. Dynamic IFT values decrease first and then increase as the time increasing. The IFT of crude oil/water system is a strong function of feed stock oil type, temperature, salinity and the mole ratio of sulfonated agents and aromatic of feed stock oil. The IFT data show that, SPS’s average molecular weight ranging from 500 to 550 matches Daqing crude oil well.更多还原