【作者】 陆桂娜；

【导师】 李树材；

【作者基本信息】 天津科技大学 ， 材料加工工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 聚乙烯防雾滴膜是我国广大地区高效农业生产的重要生产资料。本论文在前人所做工作的基础上进一步提高了薄膜的防雾滴功能，并对防雾滴剂在膜中的扩散机理进行了初步的探索。此外，本论文还采用无机纳米粉体改性纯LDPE膜及聚乙烯防雾滴膜，对改性膜的力学性能、防雾滴性能、红外线及紫外线吸收性能进行了考察。 首先，本论文对防雾滴剂的复配效果进行了研究，得到了一个较佳的配方，其在80℃和60℃下的无滴持效期分别为125.2小时和101天，低温下的无滴持效期超过180天。其次，运用费克第二定律对膜中防雾滴剂的扩散情况进行数学模拟，模型基本可以反映防雾滴剂在膜中的迁移情况。第三，制备了LDPE／纳米CaCO₃膜，分析了混合工艺、处理剂种类及用量、纳米CaCO₃用量对改性膜力学性能的影响，发现通过使用自制处理剂2，纳米CaCO₃可对LDPE膜起到一定的增强作用。最后，采用纳米CaCO₃、有机膨润土和微米级滑石粉对防雾滴膜进行改性，通过考察薄膜的防雾滴性能、力学性能及防雾滴剂从膜中析出的情况，对纳米CaCO₃的添加方式、不同粉体的改性效果及不同处理剂的影响进行了研究。结果表明，纳米CaCO₃改性膜的无滴持效期明显长于其它两种粉体改性的膜，且该膜的红外线（7～14μm）透过率及紫外线透过率有一定程度的降低；马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯蜡的添加使纳米CaCO₃改性膜的无滴持效期进一步延长。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, the antifog performance of films was further improved and the diffusion mechanism of antifog agents was primarily studied. In addition, inorganic nano-powder was used to modify LDPE films and antifog polyethylene films; the mechanical property, antifog property, IR&UV absorption property of modified films were investigated.Firstly, antifog effects of different mixing antifog agents were studied and a relatively good formula was achieved. The film prepared in according to this formula had a antifog durability of 125.2 hours, 101 days and over 180 days at 80 C, 60 C and -5C respectively. Secondly, the diffusion of antifog agents in film was simulated mathematically with Fick’s Second Law. The model could reflect the migration process of antifog agents by and large. Thirdly, LDPE/nano-CaCO3 films were prepared. The effects of such factors as techniques of blending, varieties and dosage of treating agents and contents of nano-CaCO3 on the mechanical property of films were analyzed. It has been founded that under the condition of using treating agent 2, nano-CaCO3 could reinforce LDPE films. Finally, nano-CaCO3, nano-organic bentonite and micro-talcum powder were used to modify antifog films. The results showed that the antifog durability of films modified by nano-CaCO3 was much longer than that of the film modified by anyone of the other two kinds of powder, and the IR&UV transmittance was decreased. After adding maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene wax to films modified by nano-CaCO3, the antifog durability of films was further prolonged.更多还原