【作者】 李文杰；

【导师】 方正；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 植物营养学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 丽格海棠（Begonia×Elatior），是秋海棠科秋海棠属多年生草本花卉，是由冬日开花品种B. Socotrana与夏日开花的球根海棠杂交而成的，该品种兼具B. Socotrana的短日开花特征和球根海棠花朵大、色彩丰富等优点。目前已成为国际上非常流行的商业化盆花种类。 本试验采用盆栽试验、室内模拟试验、回归旋转设计等方法，通过对丽格海棠这种高档花卉无土栽培基质和营养液配方的研究，提出了适应其工厂化生产的技术体系，筛选出了适合其生长，并且来源广泛、价廉、无污染的基质，找出了与之相配套的营养液最优配方，为今后的相关花卉及其它园艺植物无上栽培技术研究和工厂化生产提供了实践和理论依据。研究结果表明：①基质筛选试验表明：处理T₆（泥炭：蛭石：珍珠岩2：1：1）的基质配比具有优良的物理性状，有机质含量较高，植物生长必需的氮、磷、钾含量较为丰富，pH值在5.0～6.5之间，这些都比较有利于丽格海棠的生长，综合考虑其对丽格海棠生长的影响，认为其可作为丽格海棠无土栽培的最佳基质。其次为处理T₂（泥炭：蛭石1：1）。②营养液筛选试验表明：不同营养液配方处理对丽格海棠植株生长发育的影响不同，虽然基质具有缓冲作用，但处理间的差异还是存在的。综合考虑各营养液处理对丽格海棠生长发育各项指标的影响，认为处理T₂（霍格兰和施奈德配方）较适合丽格海棠的生长。③最优配方选择试验表明：本试验所建立的不同营养液处理对丽格海棠株高、叶绿素含量及花色苷相对含量的回归数学模型是正确的，即回归模型内的相依关系是密切的，具有较强的实用性，可用来决策和预报。而本试验所建立的不同营养液处理对丽格海棠冠幅的回归数学模型拟合的不好，不宜用来决策和预报。④通过营养液回归旋转设计试验，获得了丽格海棠株高最优值13.46 cm的营养液中氮（N）、钾（K₂O）、磷（P₂O₅）的浓度，分别为：228.052 mg/L，379.545 mg/L，88.637 mg/L；最优叶绿素含量1.2838 mg/g的N、K₂O、P₂O₅浓度，分别是：232.691 mg/L，339.782 mg/L，28.091 mg/L；花色苷相对含量最优值0.4263 Abs的N、K₂O、P₂O₅浓度，分别是：134.713 mg／L，132.840 mg／L，27.218 mg／L。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rieger Begonia (Begonia×Elatior) , perennial herb, belongs to begonia genus of begoniaceae family. It is the hybrid strain of B. Socotrana flowering in winter and B. tuberous flowering in summer, with the feature of short-day flowering on B. Socotrana and advantages of big flowers, abundant color on B. tuberous. At present, Rieger Begonia becomes popular commercial potted flower.In this experiment, the methods of pot experiment, simulating indoor and orthogonal gyration design were used to study the formula of substrates and nutrient solutions in soilless culture for Rieger Begonia, to put forward the technical system for its production in factory. The formula of substrates and nutrient solutions fitting in with its growth were selected out in this thesis. The results were as follows: (1)In substrate experiment, treatment T6 (peat : vermiculite: perlite 2:1:1) has good physical character, high content of organic matter, abundant N,P,K, pH in 5.0~6.5, so it is suitable for the growth of Rieger Begonia. All-round considering, it is the best substrate in soilless culture for Rieger Begonia, the second one that was T2( peat : vermiculite 1:1). (2)In selecting experiment of different nutrient solutions, five formula of nutrient solutions were adopted. Treatment T2 (Hoagland and Snyder) is more suitable for Rieger Begonia growth. (3)In the best nutrient solution experiment, the growing data of the plants were analysed by the computer software. The regression equation of plant height, the chlorophyll content and the anthocyanin content were established. (4)Through the method of orthogonal gyration design on nutrient solution, the results suggested that the best value of plant height of Rieger Begonia is 13.46 cm, and the concentration of N , K2O, P2O5 in nutrient solutions is 228.052 mg/L, 379.545 mg/L, 88.630 mg/L respectively. The best chlorophyll content is 1.2838 mg/g, and the concentration of N , K2O, P2O5 in nutrient solutions is 232.691 mg/L, 339.782 mg/L, 28.091 mg/L respectively. The beat anthocyanin content is 0.4263 Abs, and the concentration of N , K20, P205 in nutrient solutions is 134.713 mg/L, 132.840 mg/L, 27.218 mg/L respectively.更多还原