【作者】 沈靖；

【导师】 孔克勤；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 基础心理学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 音乐，既是重要的艺术形式，也是人们生活中无法缺少的娱乐性输入信息。它对人类身心的强大影响越来越受到学术研究和实际应用的关注。音乐喜好这一在生活中为人们所熟悉的话题，具有值得发掘的实际应用价值。但是由于音乐喜好感受的模糊多变带来研究方法上的困难，它一直是心理学界视之难点的问题，更是极少得到国内研究者的探索。本研究采用了独特的研究视角，通过实验方法的尝试，在音乐喜好的共通性和差异性上都得出了初步结果。这些方法和结论，既反映出音乐喜好问题作为心理学研究直接或间接对象的极大价值，又可以作为有关的后续探索的借鉴和启发。 本报告第一章为综述部分。首先从人们对音乐效应的发现和利用入手，以年代为线索，介绍了音乐心理学的兴起和发展，着重追溯了近一个世纪以来心理学研究者们对音乐喜好所做的多方面研究。接着提出了本研究的目标，阐述了实验设计要点问题，包括音乐与被试变量的选择、实验语词的考虑等。 第二章是本研究实证结果。本研究的两个实验，以80名大学生被试聆听电脑程序播放的音乐片段后的喜好度评价为实验数据，分析被试的音乐喜好度同音乐风格与特征及被试变量之间的关系。实验一通过不同风格5个类型乐段的播放，获得被试基于每段音乐的整体风格的喜好度评价。实验二将乐段按4个音乐元素分组，要求被试比较同组内乐段并做出对不同特征乐段喜好度的评价。最后一部分为个案分析，从更加个体化的角度讨论了某些被试变量与音乐喜好的关系。 第三章总讨论与结论部分，先总结了本研究的方法特点和独特角度，然后从共通性与差异性两方面讨论和总结了实验结果。结论显示，音乐喜好，是与一定的音乐性质相联系的。和谐适中的音乐，受到最多数的欢迎。某些音乐特征(如速度、音色)和某些个体差异变量(如性别、人格、音乐学习经验)都会对音乐喜好产生影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 The personal preference in music is not only a common topic in everyday lives, but also an important research issue of psychological study. Preference in music can be influenced by many factors. Due to its complexity, the research within this field is difficult to obtain notable results and has remained one of the toughest topics today. This research paper attempts to use a different view angle by conducting two sets of experiments to reveal the scientific facts that affect individual’s preferences in music.This report starts with a chapter of background review. It first introduces the effects of music on human’s body and mind. Then it focuses on the topic of affective responses to music. This chapter examines these two aspects in chronological order, tracing many researches that were conducted over the past century. Then it gives the readers a general view of the experiment sets covered by this research, as well as the key points of the experiment design, including the experiment variables of music materials and subjects.Chapter 2 reveals the empirical findings of the experiments. Basically, the research is conducted in two sets of experiment. Eighty students in East China Normal University are selected as test subjects. They are subjected to listen to a series of music excerpts controlled by computer software. After that, they are prompted by the software to record their preferences towards the excerpts. The data are gathered to establish the relationship of the preferences and the experiment variables. The first experiment uses five unique style sorts of music to determine the individual preferences based on music styles. The second experiment separates some music excerpts into four different categories based on their elemental differences. The test subjects are asked to record their preferences by different features of the music. In thelast part, several cases are selected to discuss the correlation of preferences and individual differences.Finally, the last chapter concludes the results obtained from the two sets of experiment. The discussion starts with some explanations regarding the uniqueness of the methods applied in this research. It reveals the outcomes of the research by the common perspectives and differences. This finding indicates that the most influential factor that determines the popularity of music is particular features of music excerpts. For example, moderate and smooth music pieces are most welcomed by test subjects. Some music elements such as tempo and timbre, as well as the personal variables such as gender, personality, and experience of musical education also play important roles in preference to music.更多还原