【作者】 郭永强；

【导师】 蔡民华； 王建设；

【作者基本信息】 首都师范大学 ， 遗传学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 单倍体再生植株的获得在单倍体育种中是最为重要的一步。本试验以西葫芦(Cucurbita pepo)未授粉胚珠为材料，走胚状体诱导途径获得突破，成功诱导出单倍体幼苗，试验结果表明了不同基因型材料的诱导结果不同和黑暗热激预处理对诱导结果的积极作用。 试验在获得单倍体种质资源的基础上，通过细胞学层次上的染色体计数与叶绿体计数，经生物统计方法处理后证明了西葫芦不同倍性与其叶片保卫细胞叶绿体数变动范围之间的正比关系，从而证明了此方法在西葫芦再生植株倍性鉴定中的有效性并提供了具体数值以供参阅。 在培养条件初步建立的基础上，在胚胎学水平，从再生植株的来源等基本问题入手，揭示了其胚胎发生过程，证实了单性胚来源于卵器而非反足细胞以及二倍体植株是单性胚自然加倍的产物。从而证明了诱导方法的合理性和可开发性，为西葫芦单倍体诱导方法的进一步改进提供理论依据和方法指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 To obtain haploid is the most important part of the process in haploid breeding programs. In this thesis,In vitro isolated culture of the unpollinated ovules of squash(Cucurbit pepo) through inducing embryoid was studied and the induction of haploid plants was achieved successfully.As a result of the present study,hapoid production was strongly influenced by genotype and the heat pretreatment had a positive effect on the inductivity.Through chromosome counting and chloroplast counting cytologically,the proportional relation between different ploidy of the regenerated plants and the range of variation of chloroplasts was revealed,so this method of chloroplast counting in guard cells was practical in squash was proved and the variation of data was offered as a reference for other breeding researchers .On this basis, To solve the problem about the origin of the haploid regenerated plant ,the embryogenesis process was revealed in the embryology level and confirmed the fact that the haploid regenerated plant came from the egg apparatus and that some haploid regenerated plants became diploid plants autogenously in the development process. So the feasibility of this inductive method was tested and verified.All the work will help to improve the inductivity of haploid regenerated plants.更多还原