【作者】 陶成；

【导师】 邓天龙； 李泽琴；

【作者基本信息】 成都理工大学 ， 地球化学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 环境污染问题是二十一世纪全球面临的重大问题之一。我国湖泊众多，以鄱阳湖最具代表性，是我国最大的淡水湖。尽管湖泊中汞总含量甚低(痕量甚至超痕量)，但通过食物链在鱼体富集，对人类健康危害甚大。通过对鄱阳湖地质地貌和水文特征考察调研，本论文选择余干县瑞洪、波阳县康山、湖口县湖口三地为重点区域，开展湖泊中汞的环境地球化学研究，对于揭示湖泊中汞的赋存状态及其污染状况具有十分重大的意义。 湖泊中汞总含量甚低，其形态分析更具挑战性。本论文首先建立了天然水中痕量超痕量元素汞的氢化物原子荧光分析方法，并成功地应用于鄱阳湖间隙水及其沉积物系列样品中汞的赋存形态分析测定。 首次研究了鄱阳湖三地表层沉积物-水界面之沉积物及其间隙水中汞的赋存形态及其垂向分布规律，揭示了鄱阳湖沉积物中汞的分布特征及迁移富集规律，发现鄱阳湖三地表层沉积物-水界面汞垂向分布具有一定相关性，且溶解态的汞在沉积物—水界面呈现浓度梯度扩散；水平分布具有湖水出口＞河流入湖口＞湖泊中央的特点。 采用富集因子分析和地质累积指数法对鄱阳湖汞进行环境质量评价，结果表明康山未受到污染，而靠近河流入湖口的瑞洪、靠近长江湖泊出水口的湖口，两地明显受到外源引入汞的影响，应引起足够重视。更多还原

【Abstract】 Environmental pollution is one of several essential problems faced from the global. There is numerous lakes in China, however the Poyang lake is the unique and famous for its largest area in our country. Although total mercury concentration in lake is in trace or even ultra-trace level, it is greatly harmful to human health through food chain by the enrichment of fish, etc.. Based on the investigation of geological and hydrologic feature in the Poyang Lake, three zones corresponding to Ruihong in Yugan county , Kangshan in Poyang county and Hukou in Hukou county were choosed in our research works. The aim of this study through the speciation analysis was to carry out the distributions and the behaviors of trace mercury in lake, which is not reported in literatures.A novel procedure on speciation analysis of trace and ultratrace mercury in natural water system using hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry was established in the study, then the mercury speies in porewaters and sediments in the mentioned three fields of Poyang Lake were measured successfully after the novel procedure established.The species of mercury and its vertical distributions in porewaters and sediments in Poyang lake are studied in the first time. Based on those series data, regulative behaviors of removement and enrichment of mercury in porewaters and sediments were revealed. It is demonstrated that the vertical distributions of mercury in the sediments in the three regions studied have good corelation in the surfaces of water-sediment, and the specie of dissolved mercury was diffused from sediments to lakewater with a concentration gradient. The horizontal distribution feature of mercury concentration is that outflow of Poyang Lake > stream outlet > the lake center.The two usually evaluation methods, i.e. enrichment factor (EF) and geoaccumulation (Igeo) were used as an efficient environmental evaluation. The results clearly demonstrated that there is almost without mercury contamination in Kangshan region whereas the Hukou adjoined Changjiang River and the Ruihong adjoined stream outlet are affected by extrinsic mercury.更多还原