【作者】 闵敏；

【导师】 谭传凤；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 自然地理学， 2004， 硕士

【副题名】以江夏区为例

【摘要】 随着人类活动对环境变化的影响，人口、资源与环境问题日益加剧，由此引起的土地利用变化尤其引起普遍关注。在目前研究的各种区域土地利用／土地覆被变化中，由城市化过程导致的大规模土地利用变化最引人注目。其中，城市边缘区土地利用的变化是城市扩展最明显、最直接的响应。因城市边缘区时空变化表现出十分迅速和不稳定的特征，及时了解和掌握城市边缘区土地利用变化状况，对于合理进行土地利用规划，实现可持续发展十分重要。本文选取武汉市的一个郊区——江夏区为例，采用地理信息系统技术，汲取前人经验，利用数学模型来进行区域土地利用时空变化监测研究。通过本区土地利用动态变化研究以及人文驱动因素的分析，使人们正确认识和处理经济发展与资源保护的关系，将耕地保护与未来经济运行、人口发展相协调。这对其他城市边缘区具有参考和借鉴作用。本文进行了如下方面内容的研究： 1．充分发挥地理信息系统技术在管理空间数据和属性数据、空间分析与输出成果图等方面的强大功能。通过对土地利用图的空间分析，结合调查资料与统计资料，实现空间数据与属性数据的链接，建立区域土地利用变化动态数据库；通过土地利用变化相关数学模型的分析，进一步揭示出土地利用变化原因及趋势。研究表明：城镇居民建设用地与园地面积增加明显，耕地与未利用地面积减少明显。在此基础上，对于土地利用／覆被引起的效益变化进行了分析。 2．通过对区域社会经济等要素的分析，探求土地利用变化的主要驱动因素，分析结果表明：从短时间尺度看，江夏区土地利用／土地覆被变化主要是由人类活动造成的。宏观尺度上看，资本、土地、劳动力和技术的流动和变化是根本原因；从区域尺度看，国内生产总值和社会固定资产投资是江夏区城镇居民建设用地面积扩大的主要驱动力。而耕地的变化主要与林业、渔业在第一产业产值中所占比例、城市居民人均工资以及农村居民人均收入相关。 3．在以上分析基础上，提出江夏区土地利用可持续发展构思，为充分发挥土地资源的最大效益提供科学的依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the influence on environment change by man’s exploitation, the problems of population, resources and environment are intensifying, which lead to remarkable land use change. During all the studies of all kinds of regional land use change, the one influenced by urbanization is most important to us because urban fringe lies in transitional region between urban and rural. It is the fragile area of environment and also the joint area of human factors, and shows the rapid and unsteady characters in different time and space. Finding out the changing situation of urban fringe’s land use timely will be beneficial to the urban planning’s realization. Taking Jiangxia district of Wuhan city ad a case, land use change in the urban fringes is studied by GIS technologies. The purpose of the study on land use change and the driving forces is to make people understand and handle the contradiction between economic development and resources protection correctly. Arable land protection should coordinate with population and economy in the future, which is valuble for other urban fringes. The following are studied in this thesis:1. The functions of GIS are elaborated, such as managing spatial data and attribute data, spatial analyzing and outputting ultimate maps. Spatial data and attribute data are mated into land dynamic change database by analyzing land use map, investigating data and statistic data. The reasons of land use change are discovered by mathematic models. The results indicate that the area of urban residential and industrial land, garden land are extended rapidly; the area of arable land and unexploited land are decreased obviously.2. The driving forces of land use change are approached by analyzing social and economic factors in Jiangxia district. The results indicate that the land-use/ land-cover changes in the urban fringe are affected collectively by many factors in different scales. Human activity changed the landscape characteristics of the fringe ad a whole and the rapid economic increase and fast urbanization were the keydriving forces of the land-use/land-cover change in the urban fringe area. In addition, the increase of GDP and investment of the urban area and the structure adjustment in the primary industry of the rural area have the direct influence on the land-use/land-cover in the regional scale.3. Based on all the analysis, the frame of sustainable development of the land use in urban fringes is put forward, which provides scientific basic for benefiting from land resources.更多还原