【作者】 高敬瑜；

【导师】 赵岳松；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文详细地介绍了未来第三代网络——网格的发展：其历史起源、过程、国内外研究现状以及它的功能和现在开发出的初始工具。本文分网格概述、网格计算模型、基于OGSA的网格技术、中国网格、网格计算示例共五部分。 第一部分告诉我们，网格技术不同于上世纪90年代中期美国推出的Internet2和NGI(下一代因特网)，因为二者开发的目标不同。Internet2和NGI的开发目标主要是提高因特网的传输速率(提高100～1000倍)以及具有更强的功能、更安全和更多的网址，实现真正意义上的信息高速公路。为此采用新的网络协议IPv6，其原型还是TCP／IP。网格的开发目的是连接所有的网络资源，实现资源共享、异地协同工作，支持开放标准、功能动态变化。它所采用的协议标准也将不同。其最终目标是构建一台虚拟超级计算机，能实现服务点播(Service on Demand)和一步到位服务(One Click Is Enough)。 第二部分说明网格有沙漏模型，Globus模型，组件模型，OGSA模型，计算池模型，CPU模型，神经网络模型。网格作为人类将要制造的至今最大的也是非常复杂的系统，它的完成也应遵循计算机科学中的系统科学方法：从抽象(系统建模)，理论(模型检验)，设计(模型实现)。人们提出了许多网格的模型，但理论上的检验却很少，网格的实现出现了从两头向中间对接的趋势：研究网格的非营利性组织在网格模型和体系结构的框架下不断开发新技术，同时借用现在应用于因特网的新技术；另一方面营利型IT组织在开发新的操作系统和应用平台时正朝着网格的方向努力。 第三部分是基于OGSA的网格技术，OGSA是一种开放网格服务体系结构(Open Grid Services Achitecture)，是Web Services和Grid技术结合的产物，已成为网格基础的规范。Globus Toolkit工具包软件、开放源码协议(GTPL)是OGSA的核心部分。Globus Toolkit包括以下几部分：GRAM(Globus Resource Allocation Manager)全局资源分配管理，GSI(Grid Security Infrastructure)网格安全结构，MDS(The Metacomputing Directory Service)网格目录服务，GASS(Global Access to Secondary Storage)全局访问，globus_io and Nexus异构通信服务，HBM(Heartbeat Monitor)心跳监测。 第四部分是中国网格，我国的网格从硬件和软件两方面进行了初步探讨并将不断发展：一个是高性能计算环境的设计，另一个是织女星网格。随着高性能应用需求的迅猛发展，单台高性能计算机已经不能胜任一些超大规模应用问题的解决。这就需要将地理上分布、系统异构的多种计算资源通过高速网络连接起来，共同解决大型应用问题，即广域!苛胜能的元计算技术(MetaC()I1l pt:ti ng)。 第五部分是网格计算示例，GT3是GlobuS肠olkit3.o，是tlle GlobuS Allianee提供的Opells面rce Software，它包含了寻找、发现和管理资源所需的软件服务和程序库。利用Grl’3平台运行一程序。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper introduced the future in detail the development of the thirdgenerations network--grid:lts history origins, process, domestic and internationalresearch present condition and its function and preliminary tools that now developed. This text include totally five parts: summry of grid, grid calculation model, grid technique based on OGSA, China grid, grid calculation example.The first part tells us, grid technique different from Internet and NGI (the next generation internet)released in 90’s middle last century in the United States, because of difference of the development aims of them.The Internet2 and the NGI mainly raise tranportation rate( increase 100 ~ 1000 times) and have the stronger function , more Web addresses with safer performance, realize real information highway in fact.So adopting’ the new network protocol IPv6 for this, its a prototype still a TCP/ IP.The purpose of development of grid is to links all networks resources, realizing the resources share, cooperation with different sites in other land , the support open the standard, dynamic variety in function. Protocol standards it adopts is also different with others.Its final target is to set up a super virtual computer, realizing Service on Demand One Click Is Enough.The second part contain sand filter model, the model of Globus, module model, the model of OGSA, the computing pond model, the model of CPU, nerve network model.grid is the best complicated system that mankind will finish, it also should follow system science method in computer science:From abstract( the system sets up the model), theories( model examination), design.( the model realizes).People put forward many models of grid, but the examination in theorety is few, grid realizes appear a trend that is from two ends to midst: organization with nonprofit studying grid develop the .new technique continuously under frames of grid model and architecture, use new techniche applyed in interenet at the same;On the other hand, IT profiting organizations try hard to develop the new operation system and application platform in the direction of grid .The third part is grid technique based on OGSA, the OGSA is a kind of Open Grid Services Achitecture, is a output of Web Services combination with the Grid technique, have become the grid foundation crilerion.Globus Toolkit tool software , grid tansportation protocol language( GTPL) is core part of OGSA .The Globus Toolkit includes below several parts:The GRAM( Globus Resource Allocation Manager), GSI( Grid Security Infrastructure), MDS( The Metacomputing Directory Service), GASS( Global Access to Secondary Storage), I-JBM( Heartbeat Monitor).The fourth part is Chinaneth, grid in our country has been studied preparatorily from both software and hardware and will being continuouslly developed:An is an calculation environmental designed in high performance, theanother is Vega grid.Along with the fast development of application demand in high performance, a single computer with high performance can not perform solution of some super and large-scale application problem.This need combine various calculations resources of isomerization in distributed geography,through the super-speed network links, to solve large scale application problem.That is Metacomputing. in wide area high performance.The fifth part is an grid calculation example, GT3 is a Globus Toolkits.0, Open Source Software ,provided by the Globus Alliance, it includeds software service and program library that are used to search, discovers and manage resources .Making use of GTS to execute a programm.更多还原