【作者】 陈凌；

【导师】 袁志宇；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 市政工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来垃圾渗滤液处理技术有了很大的发展。笔者系统分析了城市垃圾渗滤液的水质特征及国内外处理技术的最新成果后，认识到渗滤液的难点在于：随着渗滤液在填埋场接受和处理的固体废物的特性和使用年限（年龄），其成分和性质在不断变化，从早期渗滤液的易生物降解到后期的难生物降解，其相应的适宜处理技术是不同的。对于处理工艺的设计，不仅仅要求去除COO_cr、重金属和氨氮，更要求扩大处理的范围和年限。 生物反应器将垃圾填埋场从一个被动接受系统转变成一个主动管理系统，代表了垃圾处置的未来。笔者采用“氨吹脱+厌氧水解+SBR”工艺处理中山市填理场的渗滤液，作为生物反应器填埋场出水的保障性工艺。 在氨吹脱实验过程中，研究了PH和石灰用量的确定，吹脱过程中氨氮、碱度、PH随吹脱时间的变化规律，以及气水比等因素与吹脱效果的关系。结果发现最佳PH值为10.5，最佳石灰用量为9g／L。当pH值为10.5，水温为24℃，气温22℃，气液比为3100—3900，吹脱率可达95％以上。 在SBR处理实验过程中，从传统SBR处理、单级A／O型SBR处理和双级A／O型SBR处理研究了SBR工艺在降解COD_cr和氨氮方面的能力，并分析了一个周期过程中氨氮、碱度、PH、DO、COD_cr的变化规律。结果显示双级A／O型SBR系统具有明显的硝化和反硝化功能，其在降解COD_cr能力方面也较前几个工艺为强。另外证实了传统SBR应用同时硝化反硝化机技术脱氮的可能性，并发现最佳DO浓度在0.5～1.0mg／L之间，最佳PH值在7.5～8.5之间。 人工湿地建造和运行费用低、设备简单、易于维护，能经济、有效地处理渗滤液方面，保证出水效果。 最后，笔者提出了新型“生物反应器+氨吹脱+ABR+SBR+人工湿地”处理工艺，并将该技术与其他处理技术进行了经济技术比较，并提出了下一步研究的建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Leachate treatment methods improve greatly in the recent years. Based on the systematic analysis of the new research results on the Leachate characteristics and its treatment methods at home and abroad, the author come to relize that the pinch point of treatment is the inconstancy of the Leachate in content and characteriesics. In the different period of the landfill, the most fitful leachate treatment technology is different. It is convinced that the leachate treatment process developed from removing the heavy metal CODcr and TN unilateral to broaden the treatment range at the Same time .That is to say, it put forward higher requirement on the selection of the treatment process.Biological reactor stands up the future of the garbage treatment, which transfer the landfill from a passive acceptance system to a agent management system. The author select a technology combined the ammonia stripping pretreatment ,ABR and SBR to treat the later period leachate of the Zhong Shang landfill, and take this technics as the continue graranted technology of the biological reactor.In the ammonia stripping course, it was studied on the confirmation of the best PH and the dosage of lime, and the change rules of the NH4+-N, PH and akialinity followed the stripping time, and the other influence factors. The results showed that the best PH is 10.5 and the best dosage of lime was 9mg/L, and when the room temperature was 25℃ , controlling the ratio of the water to 3100~3900, about 95% of ammonia removal could be obtained.In the SBR treatment course, it was studied the ability of the removal of the CODcr and the nitrogen from four sides such as the cultivating bacterium, tradition SBR treatment, single grade A/O model SBR treatment and the double grades A/O/A/O model SBR treatment. The research analysed the change rules of the NH4+-N, alkalinity, PH, DO and CODcr in a cycle. The results showed that the double grades A/O/A/O model SBR treatment have the apparent function on Nitrification and Denitrification, and have better funcation on the removal of CODcr than the other treatment system. Then the SND experiment confirm thepossibility that the SND technology can be applied in the tradition SBR treatment. And the results showed the best DO is between 0.5 ~1.0 mg/L and the best PH is between 7.5~8.5.Artificial wetland can treat leachate economically and effectively, which guarantee the treatment effect.At last ,the author suggested a new treatment technology which is composed of biological reactor, ammonia stripping, ABR, SBR, flocculation. The paper also analyses characteristics, investment and operation cost of the new Process.更多还原