【作者】 艾亚钊；

【导师】 郝勇；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 交通信息工程与控制， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文采用法理分析的方法对船舶国籍、船舶登记条件和“真正联系”的含义进行分析研究，用比较分析的方法讨论封闭登记制度、开放登记制度和第二船舶登记制度的特点及其对世界航运的影响；比较借鉴美国、日本、欧洲诸国发展本国商船队和完善船舶登记制度的先进经验；最后，从法理和海运政策的角度探讨我国船舶登记制度的不足和完善措施。目的是结合国际国内船舶登记实践，研究船舶登记制度的基本问题，反思我国的船舶登记制度，探讨完善我国船舶登记制度的对策，为我国海运决策提供参考。 本文包括以下几方面内容：(1)对船舶登记条件和“真正联系”的法理分析。包括对《1958年公海公约》、《1982年联合国海洋法公约》、国际法院的案例判决、新的航运实践下的“真正联系”等的分析。(2)新的船舶登记制度在国际上的发展和特征，尤其是以挪威国际船舶登记制度(NIS)为代表的国际船舶登记制度的具体内容及对我国的启示。(3)我国船舶登记制度的现状，存在的主要问题，发展我国商船队的对策以及完善我国船舶登记制度的措施等。 本文全面分析了“真正联系”的内涵，得出结论：船舶与船旗国之间的“真正联系”没有单一的或强制的标准，一国自主决定如何确保其与船舶之间的联系是真正的。一般而言，可通过所有权、配员、管理或其他途径而达到。“真正联系”应是一种真实的而不是虚假的可有可无的联系，登记这一事实在该国与其船舶之问建立了一种联系，该种联系被假定为是真正的，有效的管辖与控制是表明这种真正联系的主要途径。本文针对我国船舶登记制度的现状和存在的主要问题，结合我国的航运实践，反驳了“在我国实行国际船舶登记制度”的观点，提出我国无实施国际船舶登记制度的必要，而是应对原有的船舶登记制度予以改革和完善；如船舶税费和融资体制改革，船舶登记的公信力建设，船舶异议登记的建立和船舶价值登记、技术登记和在建船舶所有权登记的改革等。更多还原

【Abstract】 Researches were made in this paper, they are the jurisprudence research on the condition of ships’ registration and the meaning of "genuine link" between ships and their state; the comparative research on close-registry regime, open-registry regime and the second-registry regime, including off-shore ship registry, international ship registry and parallel registry;the comparative research on the influence on world shipping from these registry regimes;the analysis on the main problems of the ships’ registry regime in china and the main measures to adopt to promoting Chinese ship-registry regime at angle of jurisprudence and shipping policy. The aim of this paper is, under the international and national shipping practice, to make a research on the basic problems on ships’ registry regimes, to take an analysis on our country’s ship-registry regime and to draw out the promoting measures for our ship-registry regime.This paper mainly contains the following aspects:(l) The jurisprudence analysis on the condition of ships’ registration and the concept of "genuine link", including the analysis on "The Convention Of The Open Sea 1985", "The International Convention On The Law Of The Sea 1982", the judgments of the International Tribunal for The Law of The Sea, and the new development of "genuine link" under international shipping practice. (2) The analysis on the development and character of new regime for ships registration, especially on the element of ISR of which NIS(norweign international ship registry) is successful. (3) The status-quo and the main problems of our ship-registry regime, also promoting measures and shipping-develop measures were plan out.This paper makes an integral research on the meaning of "genuine link", conclusion is made: there is no one or compulsary standard of the "genuine link" between a ship and its flag, it’s up to the flag state to decide how to make the link between the state and its ship to be real. Generally speaking, ownership, mannership, management or other ways are thought of. The "genuine link" shall have a meaning of real, The fact of registration makes a link between the ship and its flag state, this link are accepted to be real, "effect jurisdiction and control on ship" is the main way to display the genuine link. This paper then focuses on the present condition and the main problems of our country’s ship-registry regime, taking the shipping practice of our country into account. Turning down the view of "develop ISR in our country", This paper provides that the ISR is not necessary for us, the focus shall be directed to reformation on our closed ship registry regime, including tax and fee reformation on shipping , the fiscal regime reformation and the reformation on rules of ships’ registration.更多还原