【作者】 葛信勇；

【导师】 段豫川；

【作者基本信息】 西南农业大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文立足重庆山区农村，通过理论借鉴与阐释，为科教兴农提供了理论依据．接着分析了重庆市山区实施科教兴农的战略背景和重庆市山区农村科教兴农的现状。综观重庆山区农村，科教兴农面临的主要问题有：山区农村由于长期封闭式、掠夺式的粗放经营，仍未摆脱生态恶化与经济衰落相互影响的恶性循环。19个区县还有较大面积的农村贫困地区和脱贫难度较大的80多万农村绝对贫困人口，农民收入较低；基础设施落后，投资环境较差；科教事业落后，农村劳动力资源状况不理想。经济结构性矛盾突出，农业产业结构调整思路不清，方向不明，特别是产业结构、就业结构、城乡社会结构等关键性结构转型滞后：山区农村贫困面大，农民增收难，科技教育事业发展滞后，山区农村的经济建设尚未真正转移到依靠科技进步和提高劳动者素质的轨道上来。 论文通过归纳分析找出了影响重庆山区农村科教兴农的障碍因素是：农业科技有效供给不足，支撑条件的缺乏；农业科技有效需求不足，农业收入低，科技冲动不足，农业劳动者素质低，科技成果应用能力差；农业的组织化程度低：农业科技推广不力，科技成果转化率低：认识不到位。 本文通过对法国和日本两国山区农村科教兴农经验的借鉴给我们带来有益启示是：要加强农村基础设施建设。加大科教投入，千方百计提高劳动者素质。多渠道筹集资金，加大投资力度，充分发挥农业合作组织的作用，加速脱贫致富步伐。因地制宜，发挥区域品牌优势，促进产业化的发展。用高新技术支撑企业，以促进山区地区产业的升级，为企业提供信息和技术服务。积极开发人力资源，大力培养人才。 重庆市山区农村科教兴农的战略思想应该是紧紧围绕全面建设小康社会的战略任务，坚持面向农业、农村、农民，立足国际国内两个市场的需要，以解决调整农业结构、提高经济效益、增加农民收入、改善农村生态环境等方面的技术问题为主线，以深化农业科技体制改革为动力，以利用高新技术改造传统农业为突破口，完善和强化精干高效的农业科研和技术推广及农民培训的运行机制，满足建设现代农业、繁荣山区农村经济和可持续发展的科技教育需求。提出科教兴农战略的三个阶段战略目标，争取到2030年，山区农村实现可持续发展，生态高效农业体系趋与完善。农业科技创新体系和新型农业科技推广体系完全建立。农业科技进步贡献率达到70％以上，科技成果转化率提高到 80％。农村劳动力人均受教育程度11年以上。山区农民纯收入达到7000元。山区农业和农村经济的发展完全纳入依靠科技进步和提高农业劳动者素质的轨道。实现重庆山区农村全面小康社会的建设目标。 论文根据战略目标提出了科教兴农的战略重点。一是农业科技研究与开发体系建设：二是农业科技推广与服务体系建设。三是农村人力资源培育，实施人才培养科技行动。四是推进山区农业产业结构的战略性调整，促进农业产业结构的优化。 根据战略思想、目标和重点．重庆山区农村科教兴农应采取以下战略措施：一是加快山 西南农业大学硕卜学位论文旦巨口旦旦旦旦口目照照照口口纽口口组里里旦互.里里目口里里纽里里皿里口里口里里里里里里里区农村基础设施建设;充分利用科技创新成果，加快技术推)’‘和成果转化:一是加人山区农村人力资源开发力度:二是加快山区农业产业化进程，发展“小规模农业”:四是充分利用科技创新成果，加强农业技术推)’‘和成果转化;五是采取各种措施加强对山区农村科教兴农的投入;六是利用高新技术改造重庆山区传统农业。 本论文从全面建设小康社会的高度来看待科教兴农问题，把它作为有效实现农村经济可持续发展的重要课题置放在农村经济发展战略整体框架中加以研究。主要的研究结论如下:科教兴农是重庆山区农村全面建设小康社会的必然选择。这是落实科学发展观的必然要求，是农业在国民经济中基础地位的客观要求，也是山区农村实现农业现代化的内在要求，是由社会土义市场经济体制与机制决定的:重庆山区农村科教兴农必须加强组织领导「作。加强基础设施建设力度，加大科技教育投入力度;科教兴农首先要兴科教。农业发展靠科技，科技进步靠人才，人才培养靠教育，这是现代农业发展的客观规律。振兴山区，必须首先振兴教育。发展山区农村教育是科教兴农的关键。积极推进山区农村教育综合改革，实行二教统筹，在确保“两基”巩固提高的基础上，创造条件，人力发展包括职业教育在内的农村高中阶段教育，积极发展农村职业教育，加快高等农业教育的发展步伐，全面提高山区农村劳动者的科技文化素质:科教兴农的核心是科技成果转化。必须建立健全农业科技服务体系，提高农业科技成果转化率和科技对农业的贡献率。形成符合市场经济规则和农业产业特点的县乡村农业技术推)’‘和应用组织，实行农科教相结合，建立良好的农科教结合运作机制。完善成果转化的供求机制，建立农业科技成果转化的利益激励机制，建立农业科技成果的市场转让机制和农业科技产业化的风险投资机制等。 根据重庆山区农村科教兴农的战略构想更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the fundamental theories of developing Agriculture with Science and Education, the study put forward issues and countermeasures when strategy of developing Agriculture with Science and Education are enforced in Mountain regions rural of Chongqing. The study compared and used for reference the successful experiment at home and abroad. From the Practical conditions in Mountain regions of Chongqing, the study combined theory with practice.This study is from completely the building the well-off society high come to treat the problem of "Developing Agriculture with Science and Education", being used as it to realizes effectively the rural economy can keep on the important lesson of the development places to take into the research in rural economy development strategy the whole frame. Have a foothold heavy celebrating the mountain area rural, insisting can keep on the thought of the development, under the premise that "Developing Agriculture with Science and Education" to the section to know well, have a foothold in the building the well-off society completely must the section "Developing Agriculture with Science and Education" of this a basic theories hypothesis, the outstanding section "Developing Agriculture with Science and Education" at completely building the well-off society strategy in the society position. Pass to heavy celebrate the mountain area section "Developing Agriculture with Science and Education" present condition how to analyze, inducing the main factor of "Developing Agriculture with Science and Education" in hindrance mountain area rural section. From affect the mountain area rural section "Developing Agriculture with Science and Education" many factors how to synthesize all kind of angles analysis commences, passing to strategy of "Developing Agriculture with Science and Education" to the abroad mountain area rural section of draw lessons from more, become the section speculation of "Developing Agriculture with Science and Education". Further put forward the policy suggestion. This research thinks: The section "Developing Agriculture with Science and Education" is a heavy celebrating the mountain area rural social inevitable choice in completely the building well-off society. Passing the strategy of "Developing Agriculture with Science and Education" how to put into practice, celebrating the heavy mountain area agriculture by the root to increase to turn to depend on with the rural economy the technology progresses with the orbit that increases the worker character comes up; The section "Developing Agriculture with Science and Education" to want first the section of "Developing Agriculture with Science and Education". The enlargement technology education throws in dint degree, value human resourcedevelopment; Join together the actual circumstance in rural in mountain area, quickly the mountain area rural industry turns the progress, developing the small scale agriculture; The section teaches the conversion that the core of the agriculture of development consist in agriculture technology result, must set up the terrace of the agriculture technology result conversion, becoming to have the preface smoothly of to receive the system, lift the high-tech result conversion rate; The section teaches the breakthrough of the agriculture of development is to makes use of the high and new technique changes traditional agriculture.更多还原