【作者】 李瑞金；

【导师】 张波； 孟紫强；

【作者基本信息】 山西大学 ， 环境科学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 二氧化硫（SO₂）作为主要的大气污染物，其毒理学作用早就引起了国内外学者的注意。近年来，SO₂引起机体DNA损伤而导致哺乳动物组织细胞DNA突变日益引起了人们的关注，为此，我们在前人工作的基础上，主要进行了以下几方面的研究： 一、SO₂衍生物对小鼠胃、肝、脾和肾细胞DNA的损伤作用。 实验表明，通过对昆明小鼠采用腹腔注射SO₂衍生物（亚硫酸盐和亚硫酸氢盐），其剂量为0.125、0.250和0.500g/kg体重三个剂量，运用单细胞凝胶电泳技术（single cell microgel electrophoresiss，SCGE）又称彗星实验（comet assay）对SO₂衍生物腹腔注射引起的小鼠胃、肝、脾和肾细胞DNA的损伤进行研究。结果表明，SO₂衍生物对小鼠胃、肝、脾和肾细胞有一定的损伤作用，与对照组相比，有显著差异。且随着SO₂衍生物剂量升高，迁移长度明显增加（P＜0.001），呈剂量效应关系（r＞0.94）。同时，雌性小鼠脏器细胞DNA损伤比雄性小鼠弱。 二、SO₂吸入对大鼠DNA亚慢性损伤的作用 采用动式吸入对Wistar大鼠染毒30天，SO₂浓度为28mg/m³，运用SCGE技术研究了SO₂亚慢性染毒对大鼠肺细胞DNA的损伤。结果表明，SO₂可引起大鼠肺细胞核DNA迁移长度显著增加（P＜0.01），且SO₂对雌性小鼠肺细胞DNA损伤比雄性小鼠弱。另外，经染毒后，与对照组相比，大鼠的体重减轻，肺体比增加。 三、高效液相色谱（HPLC）荧光检测法（FD）测定SO₂吸入后小鼠组织中的亚硫酸盐含量 为了探讨SO₂吸入后是否可进入小鼠不同组织器官，运用HPLC法测定了SO、动式吸入后雄性小鼠脑、心和肺组织中亚硫酸盐的含量。组织匀浆液经还原、衍生和沉淀蛋白，取上清液进行HPLC检测。亚硫酸盐测定标准曲线在1.26μg/mL～126μg/mL有良好的线性关系，检测限为0.04μg/mL （S/N=3），测定方法的回收率在97％～101％之间，日内和日间的精密度RSD低于9％。分析结果表明，SO₂吸入后，小鼠三种器官组织中亚硫酸盐含量比对照组显著增加（P＜0.05），且与SO₂浓度呈明确的剂量效应关系（r＞0.92）。这说明SO₂被小鼠吸入后可转化为亚硫酸盐并可分布到肺和其他器官如脑和心等，从而为SO₂是一种全身性毒物的观点提供支持。此外，本文对HPLC荧光检测亚硫酸盐的方法作了改进，为研究SO₂及其衍生物的毒作用提供了更为有效的方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Considered as the most atmospheric pollutant, the toxicity of sulfur dioxide (SOj) was paid more attention to home and abroad. The DNA damage caused by SO: was paid more attention to in recent years. Based on the early work, we studied the effects of SO2 in the following aspects:The first part, damage effects of SO2 derivatives injection on DNA of cells in miceSulfite and hydrosulfite are two kinds of SO: derivatives in vivo. The damage effects of SOjderivatives injection on DNA of stomach, liver, spleen and kidney cells from mice were studied with the single cell microgel electrophoresis technique (Comet test). After exposure to S02derivatives at 0.125,0.250and0.500g/Kg body weight, tail lengths of nuclear DNA of stomach , liver, spleen and kidney cells from mice were increased,respectively ( P<0.001 ) . The results showed that DNA damage of stomach , liver, spleen and kidney celts were in a dose-dependent manner(r>0.94). The results also indicated that DNA damage of these cells from male mice was more serious than that from female mice, which remains to be further studied.The second part, damage effect of SO: inhalation on DNA of lung cells in ratsAfter exposure to SO: at 28mg/m3, damage effect of SO2 inhalation on DNA of lung cells in rats was studied with comet assay. The result showed that the comet tails lengthened significantly in lung cells from rats when the animals were treated by SO2 of 28mg/m3 (P<0.01) . The results also indicated that DNA damage of lung cells from male rats was more serious than that from female rats. In addition, compared with the control, the body weights of the rats were decreased, and ratios between lung and body weight were increased.The third part, determination of sulfite levels in mice organs after SO2 inhalation by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection (FD).To study whether SO2 can enter into the different organs in mice after SO2 inhalation, the content of sulfite of brains, hearts and lungs from male mice were determined by HPLC-FD. The analytic results showed sulfite content in mice organs from the SO2-exposed groups was increased significantly (P<0.05) compared with the control groups .The sulfite content was in a dose-dependent manner(r>0.92). The results indicated SO2 could transform into sulfite in vivo after SO: inhalation and distribution into lung and other organs such as brain and heart, these results offer a support for the viewpoint that SO2 is a systemic toxic agent.更多还原