【作者】 杜俊卿；

【导师】 云兴福；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 黄瓜霜霉病[Pseudoperonospor cubensis（Berk.et Curt.） Rostov.]是困扰黄瓜生产的主要问题之一。生产中每年使用大量的农药来防治该病，这对人民群众的健康和生态环境产生了严重的威胁。目前，诱导抗病性被认为是防治黄瓜霜霉病最具有潜力的途径。本试验是在黄瓜幼苗子叶期及第一真叶期用浓度为0.20%、0.50%、1.00%、1.50%、2.00% 的氯钾离子共体液进行诱导处理，可使黄瓜植株产生对霜霉病的抗病性。在自然病原激发病害的试验中，经0.20%、0.50%、1.00%、1.50%、2.00% 的浓度的氯钾离子共体液诱导处理的植株可比对照植株推迟发病3-6天，平均病株率分别比对照的降低了25.26%、26.63%、31.46%、39.12% 和33.38%；平均病叶率分别比对照的降低了22.89%、28.08%、34.02%、38.86% 和36.59%；平均病情指数分别比对照的降低了18.32%、28.97%、34.80%、35.89% 和36.77%，且能达到极显著的水平，平均相对免疫效果分别为31.99%、43.75%、51.23%、53.43%和53.70%。在人工接种病原激发病害试验中，植株产生对霜霉病诱导抗性的迟滞期为2-4天，潜育期为7-9天，诱导抗性保持的有效期能达到27天。黄瓜幼苗经不同浓度的氯钾离子共体液诱导处理后，植株叶片内过氧化物酶（POD）、多酚氧化酶（PPO）和苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）3种酶的活性均显著地高于对照，并出现规律性的变化。此外，本试验还得出氯钾离子共体液诱导处理的最佳浓度为1.00%和1.50%。更多还原

【Abstract】 Downy Mildew of cucumber[Pseudoperonospor cubensis（Berk.et Curt.） Rostov.] is one of important problems during producing of cucumber. It is serious harm for people’s health and ecological environment because of using a lot of pesticide to prevent the disease every year. At present, induced resistance is recognized that it is the most potential way of preventing Downy Mildew of cucumber. The study showed that it could make the cucumber plants resistant to Downy Mildew of cucumber when the cucumber seedling were induced by copolymer of chlorine and potassium ions with 0.20%, 0.50%, 1.00%, 1.50% and 2.00% concentration at stage of cotyledon and the first true leaf. In the experiment of a natural disease infection, the induced plants could delay the disease 3-6 days with different concentration copolymer of chlorine and potassium ion. The rate of mean disease plants of which were induced by copolymer of chlorine and potassium ions with 0.20%, 0.50%, 1.00%, 1.50% and 2.00% concentration were 25.26%, 26.63%, 31.46%, 39.12% and 33.38%; the rate of mean disease leaf were 22.89%, 28.08%, 34.02%, 38.86%,and 36.59%; the mean disease index were 18.32%, 28.97%, 34.80%, 35.89% and 36.77% lower than that of the control respectively，moreover, there were most obvious the differences between the treatments and the control, the mean relative immunization efficiency were 31.99%, 43.75%, 51.23%, 53.43%and 53.70% respectively. In experiment of an artificially inoculated disease, lag period of the induced resistant of Downy Mildew of cucumber was 2-4 days, latent period was 7-9 days, protection period of induced resistant was 27 days. After the cucumber seedling were induced by copolymer of chlorine and potassium ions with 0.20%, 0.50%, 1.00%, 1.50% and 2.00% concentration, the activities of POD, PPO, PAL in plants leaves were higher than that of the control obviously. At the same time, there were regular changes. In addition to, the study showed that the optimum concentration were 1.00% and 1.50% by the treatment of copolymer of chlorine and potassium ions with 0.20%, 0.50%, 1.00%, 1.50% and 2.00% concentration.更多还原