【作者】 陶立；

【导师】 刘书桂； 孙长库；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 测试计量技术及仪器， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 随着 3D 测量技术的应用不断增长，各种 3D 轮廓测量技术飞速发展，本文基于线结构光传感器，结合电控平移台和旋转台，建立了一套彩色 3D 激光扫描系统，在利用平移扫描或旋转扫描获取物体表面 3D 轮廓信息后，再按照同样的扫描流程摄取被测表面的彩色信息，将两次扫描测量的数据进行整合得到彩色3D 信息(xi, yi, zi) ? (Ri,Gi, Bi)。 本课题得到天津市科技攻关培育项目“彩色三维激光轮廓扫描成像及数据处理系统”(No.033105211)的资助，课题的主要任务在于实现一套彩色 3D 扫描测量系统，本系统可以广泛应用于古文物，玩具等彩色模型轮廓数字化，卡通、动画设计等领域。论文主要研究内容如下：1. 分析了现有的各种彩色 3D 测量系统的应用现状以及常用的方法，利用线结 构激光传感器的获取物体表面 3D 轮廓信息，建立了系统的数学模型；2. 利用圆孔平面靶标实现了系统光平面参数的标定，获取较多的标定点参与计 算，通过构造无约束最优目标函数解非线性方程组，保证了标定精度；3. 利用一个标准球标定转台旋转中心轴，实验结果显示，标定结果准确，完全 符合旋转测量的要求；4. 设计了一套扫描中光条图像处理流程，准确地将光条像素坐标从杂乱背景中 提取出来；5. 在实验室条件下建立一套线结构激光扫描测量系统，编写了测量软件，对一 些模型进行了平移扫描测量和360o旋转扫描测量，获得了被测物体的彩色3D 信息，实验结果显示彩色信息匹配准确完整，测量精度高于 0.5mm。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the improvement in the application of 3D measurement technique, various3D measurement techniques are developed in a short period of time. In this paper, acolor 3D scanning measurement system was developed, which composed of aline-structured sensor, a motorized translation stage and a motorized rotary stage.After the scanning measurement on 3D data of the object, the scanning procedure isrepeated to capture the color data. Then two groups of data are merged into the color3D data(xi, yi, zi) ? (Ri,Gi, Bi). This project is financially supported by the Tianjin key technology project named“Color 3D laser scanning contour measurement and processing system”(No.033105211), the destination of which is to develop a color 3D measurementsystem that can be applied to the antique digitization, game development etc. Themain research work in this paper is as follows:1. Analyzing various color 3D measurement methods. The mathematics model of the line-structured laser scanning measurement was founded;2. To get a number of control points with a circle pattern for the calibration of light-plane parameters. And an unrestricted object function was constructed to ensure the orthogonal character and high accuracy of the parameters;3. With a standard ball the rotation axis of the rotary stage is calibrated. The experiment result shows the high accuracy, and the parameters of the axis can meet the requirement of the rotary scanning measurement.4. A stripe image processing flow was designed; the pixel coordinates of the stripe can be extracted accurately from the noise background.5. A line-structured laser scanning measurement system and measurement software was developed. Measurements on some color models were performed, which achieve satisfactory results with the space measurement accuracy better than 0.5mm.更多还原