试论明代州县政府的司法职能

【作者】 施洪道；

【导师】 颜广文；

【作者基本信息】 华南师范大学 ， 中国古代史， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文论述明代州县政府的司法职能，不只是局限在单纯的司法审判活动，而是着眼州县政府维护专制统治的一切司法活动，包括司法教育、维护社会治安、司法审判、司法行政、司法管理与监督，以及州县政府各组成人员的司法行为、专制政体对州县政府的司法职能的影响等。本文分为四章展开论述： 第一章，试论明代州县政府的司法组织结构，即以州县主官为纲，以州县法定的工作人员书吏、差役为目，以州县司法的最基层组织里保为辅，并主要突出它们的司法职责。 第二章，试从举行乡约、讲读律令和官学社学、圣谕普法等措施试论明代州县政府实施的司法教育，阐述了明代州县政府实施的司法教育的内容和目的。 第三章，试从维护社会治安、处理民事词讼、审理刑事案件和监禁与递解人犯四方面来加以论述明代州县政府的司法职能，说明作为最基层实体政府的州县政府的司法职能具有全面、完备、系统而规范的特点。 第四章，试从州县官素质的影响、官场陋习的影响及典吏的影响来评议明州县政府司法职能发挥失调，阐述了明代州县政府司法职能发挥失调的原因既具有历史的继承性、一般性，同时又具有其自身的特殊性，而其失调的根本原因则是封建集权专制制度。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article will describe legal function of shire and county government in Ming Dynasty, which was not limited within pure legal judge activities, but all legal activities to maintain tyrannical governing by shire and county government in Ming dynasty, including legal education, maintenance of social security, legal judge, legal administration, legal management and supervising, legal activity of all relevant staffs in shire and county government, effects on legal function of shire and county government from tyrannical political body. This article will describe with 4 chapters:Chapter 1, discussion to legal organization construct of shire and county in Ming dynasty, this is to say, this chapter sets up main officers of shire and county as main thread, working staffs such as servants and policemen in shire and county as eye, the basic legal organizations of shire and county "LI", "BAO" as subsidiary thread, andmainly particularizes their separate legal duties.Chapter 2, this article will try to comment on legal education realized by shire and county in Ming dynasty, explained the contents and goal of this kind of legal education realized by shire and county governments in Ming dynasty from the concrete methods such as rural principles, explaining to law and order and setting up of official and social schools, The Emperor’s instructions.Chapter 3, this article will try to introduce the legal functions of shire and county in Ming dynasty from 4 aspects such as maintaining social security, dealing with civilian suing, judging crime cases and detaining and conveying the prisoners, its purpose is to get a conclusion that being the basic solid governments of snire and county government, it had full, complete, systemic and regular legal functions.Chapter 4, this article will try to comment on the unbalance of exerting of shire and county government in Ming dynasty, describe the reason with historic success, generality, at the same time with its own special characteristics, The basic reason rises up from feudal authorities collection tyrannical system from the effects of shire and county officers’ quality, official behavior, and their assistants.更多还原