【作者】 陈俊明；

【导师】 邵光杰；

【作者基本信息】 燕山大学 ， 材料学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 由于Zn-Br电池具有高能量密度、高比功率、高安全性和低成本等优点，所以能够被广泛地应用于汽车动力装置、蓄能电站以及电网调峰等重要领域。但是由于Zn-Br电池目前还存在着严重的自放电和锌枝晶问题，使得Zn-Br电池的实际应用受到限制。 本文分别从正极溴络合剂、隔膜改性和负极的电解液添加剂入手，以电池的比能量、自放电率以及锌枝晶生长情况为主要的性能指标，用电池充放电曲线等方法研究不同正极添加剂和隔膜改性对电池比能量的影响；用电流-时间曲线以及微观形貌观察等方法研究电解液添加剂（NH₄⁺、OP-10、TX-10以及十二烷基三甲基溴化铵）对锌枝晶生长的影响。实验结果表明： （1） 四乙基溴化铵作为一种正极添加剂能很好地与溴络和。当在电池的正极中添加适量的含四乙基溴化铵的混合添加剂时，电池的比能量高达46.8 Wh／kg。 （2） 对隔膜改性后，电池的比能量提高了26.06％。这表明改性隔膜比未改性隔膜更能抑制单质溴的扩散。 （3） 在电解液中添加适量的OP-10、TX-10以及十二烷基三甲基溴化铵添加剂可以明显改善锌沉积形态，抑制锌枝晶生长。说明这些表面活性剂通过在电极表面活性中心的特性吸附，能够抑制锌在这些位置的非均匀沉积，起到抑制锌枝晶的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Zinc-Bromine battery can be broadly used as power plant of automobile, storage electric station and electric network of peakload unit, because of its high energy density, high specific power, security and low cost. But zinc-bromine battery can hardly be used in practical applications for its serious self-discharge drawback and zinc dendrite.Respectively proceeding with bromine complexing agent of anode, modified membrane and electrolytic additive of cathode, mainly referring to specific power of battery, ratio of self-discharge and zinc dendrite, this paper has studied the influences of different anode additive and modified membrane on specific energy of battery by means of charge and discharge curves, and the influences of electrolytic additive(NH4+, OP-10, TX-10 and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide) on zinc dendrite by means of current-time curve and microscopic morphology observation. The experimental results indicate that:(l)As an anode additive, tetraethyl ammonium bromide can perfectly complex with bromine. When proper amount of tetraethyl ammonium bromide is added to anode, specific energy of the battery could go up to 46.8Wh/kg.(2)The specific energy of battery has increased 26.06 % after membrane modification. It indicates that the modified membrane can do better than the unmodified membrane in inhibiting the diffusion of bromine.(3)Adding proper amount of electrolytic additive such as OP-10, TX-10 and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide can obviously and suppress the growth of zinc dendrite. This indicates that surface active agent can suppress inhomogeneous deposition on active center of electrode surface, where specific absorption takes place.更多还原