【作者】 徐艳萍；

【导师】 秦荻辉；

【作者基本信息】 西安电子科技大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 最近的研究发现，在把英语作为第二语言学习的人群中，很少有人研究诗歌，而把变异和突出与诗歌放在一起研究的人就更难觅其人了。既然诗歌被认为是人类文化的主要成就，是最优秀词汇的最佳排列，诗歌就应该受到重视, 而研究诗歌就不能回避诗歌中的变异与突出现象。变异和突出是语言学里的两个术语。变异现象在文学中比较常见，例如在小说，戏剧里，都不难发现变异语言的痕迹，在诗歌里尤为突出。因此，一些语言学家诸如穆卡洛夫斯基、利奇断言：文体即是对常规语言的变异，文体就是突出。而另外一些语言学家持不同的观点，他们认为对常规语言的变异不能作为文体的定义，因为并非所有的文体都是变异。本文在分析大量诗歌实例，研究了诗歌里的变异现象后发现，诗歌里的变异现象不同于其他文体，它涉及的变异更为频繁也更离奇。变异对诗歌做出了巨大的贡献，对常规语言的违背才使诗歌成为可能，若没有变异，便没有诗歌的存在。因此，至少在诗歌中，变异即是文体。以往的语言学论著中仅简单提及变异和突出的概念，而文体学书籍是将变异和突出作为文学中的一种常见现象来泛泛讨论，鲜有将诗歌与变异和突出联系在一起加以详尽研究论述的。本文一方面旨在用语言学理论和文体学理论分析大量诗歌实例以印证变异是诗歌的精髓，应该受到重视，摒弃变异，就是否定诗歌本身；同时，本文通过实例分析来深化变异和突出的理论及实质，只有深入了解变异和突出的实质，才能体会诗人的匠心独运及揣摩诗歌的美学价值，获得美的享受。更多还原

【Abstract】 Recent study shows that few people who learn English as a second language studyEnglish poetry, even fewer people research the phenomena of deviation and foregrounding— the recurrent features in poetry. Now that poetry is defined as the major achievement ofhuman culture and is regarded as “the best words in the best order,” it should be paidattention to. Meanwhile, study of the language in poetry cannot evade the phenomena ofdeviation and foregrounding, the essence of poetry. Deviation and foregrounding are two linguistic terms. The phenomenon of deviationfrequently appears in literature, such as novels and dramas to produce foregrounding,notably in poetry. Therefore, some linguists such as Mukarǒvsky and Leech declared thatstyle is deviation and that style is foregrounding. Of course, some other linguists such asSandell and Rankin protested against it because they thought that “not all deviation is styleand not all style is deviation.” After my thorough study of the phenomena of deviation andforegrounding in poetry, I come to the conclusion that deviation can be regarded at least asthe style of poetry because of the contribution of deviation to poetry. The violation of thenorm of the standard is what makes possible the poetic utilization of language; without thispossibility there would be no poetry. On one hand, this dissertation is an attempt to analyze the use of deviation in poetry toexemplify that deviation is the essence of poetry by applying the principles and methods oflinguistic analysis to extensive examples of types of deviance found in poetry. Therefore, itcovers both the linguistic principles and some literary applications. On the other hand, theanalysis of deviation and foregrounding can help the reader increase their understanding ofpoems. In knowing more about deviation and foregrounding, our understanding of languageis enriched and the magic in the literary texts will be increased and the aesthetic function ofliterary language will be sensed.更多还原