【作者】 杨彪；

【导师】 李浩；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 摄影测量与遥感， 2004， 硕士

【副题名】摄影地质编录信息系统开发

【摘要】 普通数码影像(在本文中主要指采用普通非量测数码相机获得的数码影像)的出现，解决了现场快速获取影像的问题，且降低了近景摄影测量作业对设备及技能的要求，并使摄影测量过程成为全数字流程，但现有的对普通数字影像的量测处理算法均是基于直接线性变换或光线束理论的，存在像控点要求多、分布要求高、不适宜应用的缺点。为了提高普通数码相机应用于数字近景摄影测量的适用性和作业精度，本文对基于普通数字影像的近景摄影测量技术、方法进行了研究，具体包括以下几个方面： 1．试验和研究普通数码相机的量测化可行性、量测化方法和量测化性能。其中包括普通数码影像畸变差的改正、数码相机内方位元素的检定、数码近景摄影机的研制及外方位元素改正值的确定、普通数码相机量测化性能评价； 2．普通数码影像的单像空间后交算法研究及其精度评价； 3．普通数码影像的立体测量方法研究，其中包括对普通数字影像的相对定向方法、绝对定向方法、影像匹配方法的研究及其相应精度的评价； 4．基于DSM的数字投影转绘方法研究； 研究及实验表明，论文所述的普通数码相机量测化改造方法可行有效，研究及改进的适用于普通数字影像的近景摄影测量基本算法正确可靠，基于普通数码相机的量测化作业方法可以在中等精度要求的工程中广泛应用。 为将上述基于普通数字影像的近景摄影测量技术方法研究成果应用于实践，本文结合水利水电工程建设需求，论述了数字摄影地质编录信息系统的研究开发。 主要内容包括： 1．具有精度控制体系的快速摄影地质编录理论方法； 2．数字摄影地质编录图像处理算法及编录算法； 3．影像地质编录信息系统设计开发； 论文研究开发的数字摄影地质编录信息系统，集成了数字近景摄影测量技术、数字图像处理技术和GIS技术，已在龙滩等大型水电工程建设中得到初步应用，有望改变工程地质编录传统落后的作业模式，为水利水电工程施工地质编录带来技术变革。更多还原

【Abstract】 The emergence of the ordinary digital images (which in this paper means the digital images acquired by common non-metric digital cameras), resolved the the problem of acquiring images quickly on the spot, and lowered the requirement for equipments and skills in photogrammetry, so that made photogrammetry a whole digital process. But all current ways to the measurement of ordinary images are based on DLT or Bundles theory, which both require a lot of control points distributing properly, and are inapplicable.In order to increase the adaptability and accuracy of digital close-range photogrammetry based on common digital cameras, researches and experiments have been done on these methods in this paper, as following:1. the measurement and alteration of ordinary digital camera. It includes the correction of lens distortion of digital cameras, the computing of camera interior orientation parameters and pictures’ exterior orientation parameters, and the evaluation of it’s capability;2. the space resection and evaluation of it’s accuracy;3. Researches on the stereophotogrammetry of digital images , which include relative orientation, absolute orientation , image matching and the evaluation of their accuracies;4. the methods of digital projection based on DSM;Researches and experiments illustrated that the measurement and alteration of common digital camera is successful, Researches and improvements in basic algorithm Which is applicable to photogrammetry based on ordinary digital images is accurate and dependable, this photogrammetric techniques and methods based on ordinary digital images can be applied extensively in engineering which requests a moderate accuracy.Aimed at the actual application of the researches on photogrammetric techniques and methods based on ordinary digital images, this paper recounts the development of a Digital Image Geologic Logging Information System which has taken into consideration the requirement of the construction of hydroelectric project. It’s principal content includes the following aspects:1. theories and methods of photogrammetric geologic logging with a accuracy control system;2. digital image processing and logging algorithm in digital photogrammetric geologic logging;3. the development of a digital image geologic logging information system;The Digital Image Geologic Logging Information System in this paper, which integrates digital c lose-range photogrammetry ,digital image processing and GIS, has been applied in some large constructions of hydroelectric project such as LongTan hydroelectric engineering. This system hopes to change traditional operation mode of geologic logging, and brings a new technique to replace the old ones in hydroelectric project.更多还原