【作者】 艾斯卡尔；

【导师】 潘文霞；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 电力系统及其自动化， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来，风能作为一种可再生的清洁能源日益受到世界各国的广泛重视，风力发电快速发展已有将近20年的历史，其中基于变速恒频技术的交流励磁风力发电机发电方案已经是风力发电中的一大重点课题。交流励磁发电机作为发电机运行的风力发电系统，利用变速恒频技术后可大大提高风能的利用率。交流励磁发电机可改善电力系统稳定性，转子转速可变，具有独立的有功无功调节能力，可以深度进行运行而不失步，特别适用于风力发电、抽水蓄能电站等场合。 本文全面介绍了一种最新应用于风力发电的变速恒频技术、基于变速恒频技术的新型电机—交流励磁发电机及交流励磁风力发电机系统的各种控制原理。并分析了交流励磁风力发电机作变速恒频运行时的工作原理，阐述了与同步发电机、异步发电机的不同之处，分析了其能量平衡关系，在坐标变换技术的帮助下，详细推导了交流励磁发电机在a-b-c坐标系和d-q坐标系下的数学模型，分析并仿真了其有功和无功特性、转矩和功率调节特性、稳态运行和机械特性，证明了发电机的性能由转差率、转子电压的相位和幅值、定转子电压相位差所决定的。本文利用定子磁场定向的矢量控制技术实现了交流励磁发电机有功功率和无功功率的解耦和独立控制，通过对电磁转矩进行矢量控制后得到了交流励磁发电机相似于直流电机的转矩方程式。本文在仿真风速和风机特性的同时，构造整个系统模型并对变速恒频和恒速恒频技术的优缺点进行了仿真分析比较。本文提出了最大风能的抓获策略，并跟变速恒频技术相结合进行相应的仿真。仿真结果表明，采用最大风能抓获策略后，发电机转速可以控制在更接近于发电机理论最佳角速度的水平上。最终在上面仿真分析的基础上，对交流励磁风力发电机系统的并网控制和电压控制进行了定性分析，验证了交流励磁发电机具有较深的进行运行能力。本文研究结果表明，采用定子磁场定向矢量控制的交流励磁风力发电机系统具有许多优越的性能，且本文采用的控制技术和进行的控制相关分析都是可行的。更多还原

【Abstract】 In lately years, people widely pay attention to wind energy because it is a regenerated cleanness energy. It began development in high rate 20 years before. It is a fact that the variable-speed constant-frequency (VSCF) AC exited wind generator system is a main subject in the wind electric power generator schemes. It very fits for wind electric power generation with VSCF because it can capture as much energy as possible. Also AC exited generator have many excellent characteristics, it may improving the stability of electric power system, its rotor speed may adjustable, it have abilities for active and reactive power regulating in self-help ways, it not lose steps even when operated in deep lead phase, so it especially applied in wind electric power plant and pumped-storage hydraulic power plant. Also the ’green’ converter-matrix converter is planned in this paper.In this article a new type wind generator-AC exited wind generator is introduced which new technology scheme by the variable-speed constant-frequency methods at the present time. The thesis mostly studies the way of some control methods and analysis the characters of VSCF wind power system. It presents the principle of VSCF wind power system and the differences between AC exited generator and Synchronous Asynchronous generators. Analyzed the balance of its energy. It also builds the mathematic model of all section of VSCF AC exited wind power generation system on a-b-b and d-q coordinate system by the coordinate commutation technology. The thesis gives the characteristics of torque, active power, reactive power and the steady-state analysis of it. It proves that the capability of wind generator is determined to slip, the amplitude and phase of rotor voltage, the phase dispatch between stator voltage and rotor voltage. Also this paper investigates the control model based on the stator field-oriented vector control. This paper discussed the newly excitation system-matrix converter and compares the const speed const frequency Asynchronous wind generators and VSCF generator system. Finally studies wind energy tracing control, grid-connection control and leading phase control. This thesis shown that VSCF AC exited wind power system with stator field-oriented vector control has a series of good performance and all the control schemes which had been introduced in this paper has its feasibility.更多还原