【作者】 梅霞；

【导师】 叶国铭；

【作者基本信息】 东华大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 花式纱线是指在纺纱过程中采用特种纤维原料、特种设备和特种工艺，对纤维或纱线进行特种加工而得到的、具有特殊结构和外观效果、绚丽多彩的纱线，是纱线产品中一种与普通纱不同的、具有装饰作用的纱线。它一般由芯纱、饰纱和固纱组成。其中芯纱位于花式线的中间，是构成花式线强力的主要成份；饰纱包在芯纱外面，是花式线外观的主要组成成份，花式线的风格、色彩、手感等主要由饰纱决定；固纱包在饰纱外面，主要起固定作用。 花式纱线的生产，经历了一个很长的发展过程，其生产设备的技术也在不断进步。而根据花式纱线的生产原理，其主要是通过各个独立的变速部件不同的速度组合而得出。因此，不管采用什么样的花式纱线生产设备，对其控制系统的要求均较高。本课题就是对目前比较通用的空心锭-环锭花式捻线机的控制系统进行研究。 根据对目前大多数空心锭-环锭结合型花式捻线机控制系统的调查研究发现：它们大多是采用技术人员对各个回转部件的转速值进行设定、调试，以达到生产某一种或某一类花式纱线的要求为止，然后，将相关的数据保存起来，生产时，直接调用即可。显然，采用这种控制系统的花式捻线机，其可生产的花式纱线品种有限(虽然在理论上它可以生产各种花式纱线)，且该品种必须是系统中已保存有的，对于新的花式纱线品种，若仍采用这种设定、调试的办法，效率低下，不利于开发新的花式纱线品种。因此，在此基础上，本课题对该控制系统进行了改进，用VC++6.0开发出基于Windows 98操作系统的包含两个方面内容的控制系统：1) 由各转速值开发花式纱线控制系统；2) 由花式纱线到各转速值的实现控制系统。第一部分主要是针对已有的花式纱线品种(该部分与已有的控制系统类似)；第二部分主要是针对新的花式纱线品种，如何快速高效地实现控制该花式纱线的各个回转部件的转速值而设计的。在第二部分中，首次采用了神经网络控制思想，并进行了实验模拟，取得了较好的效果。另外，为了使本控制系统能应用于实际，本课题还编制了PC机与变频器的串行通信程序、花式纱线的卷绕、纱长测定以及故障诊断程序模块。 本论文还对‘空心锭一环锭花式捻线机的成纱原理、花式纱线的捻度以及花式纱线的卷绕等进行了详细地分析和说明;也对本课题采用的神经网络模型一一典型前向网络一一BP网络模型的学习算法进行了详尽的分析和说明，这些使得本课题所开发的控制系统有了较强的理论基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fancy yarn is a special yarn, which is used special fibre material and the yarn or fibre is processed specially by using special equipment and technics during spinning. Fancy yarn also takes on special flowery and polychrome fabric and show. Generally, it consists of threes kinds of yams, which differ from each other in position and function. The yarn which is called "Core Yarn" for being located inside the core part of fancy yarn plays the role of building tension, and which is called "Decorating Yarn" is bounded around "Core Yarn" and forms the guise of fancy yarn such as fancy yarn’s style, color and hand feeling, the third kind of yarn is "Fixing Yarn" which is used to fix the "Core Yarn" and "Decorating Yarn" and therefore is outside of "Decorating Yarn".Fancy yarn’s production has a long developing course, at the same time, the technology of its producing equipment is always making progress continually. But according to fancy yarn’s producing theory, it relies on the alteration of speeds matching of unattached shift parts, the speeds of which are altering frequently and synchronizationally, thus colorful fancy yarns are formed. So, whatever producing equipment is adopted, the higher requirement is needed to its control system. Studying the control system of Hollow Spindle and Ring Spindle Twisting Machine which is used universally at present is my task.According to investigating and studying most Hollow Spindle and Ring Spindle Twisting Machine existing at present, we can find that rotate speeds of turning parts aren’t supposed and debugged until to meet the requirement of some type or some kind of fancy yarn. Then, correlation datum are saved, which are directly used when producing. Apparently, Twisting Machine with that control system has much limitation. For example, some kinds of fancy yarns areproduced (all kinds of fancy yarns may be produced theoretically) and those kinds must have been saved in the system, to new kinds of fancy yarns, if still uses above-mentioned technique, it must have low efficiency. Therefore, this control system has no advantage of new fancy yarn. So, I ameliorate the control system based on that. I empoldered two different oriented control systems by VC++6.0 based on Windows 98 operating system: one is that fancy yarn is gotten by supposing every rotate speed; the other is that each rotate speed is gotten by supposing parameters of fancy yarn. The first is mainly designed for fancy yarns existed; the second is for new fancy yarn that how to get the rotate speeds of each turning part related to the fancy yarn high efficiency. In the second part, I used the thought of Neural-Network control and simulated by experiment, it gained the better purpose. In addition, I programmed PC computer and frequency conversion’s serial communication procedure, fancy yarn’s winding procedure, measuring length procedure of the yarn and fault diagnoses procedure.At the same time, I also discussed the theory of fancy yarn’s forming in Hollow Spindle and Ring Spindle Twisting Machine, twisting degree of fancy yarn’s and fancy yarn’s winding in detail in the dissertation. What’s more, I analyzed the model and the learning arithmetic of representative feedback Neural-Network--BP Neural-Network. All these make the control system that I empoldered have strong theoretic foundation.更多还原