【作者】 陶刚；

【导师】 李喜德；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 固体力学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 散斑干涉或电子散斑干涉（ESPI）计量应用于连续运动或变形物体时，就会产生一个时变的散斑干涉场。通过摄像系统连续地采集这一时变散斑场，可获得一系列时间序列散斑干涉图。本论文通过对序列散斑图上各点在时间轴上散斑强度调制函数的变化进行分析，提出了一种基于时间序列的散斑干涉场的相位解调方法，进而获得物体全场变形信息。这种方法只需要普通的电子散斑干涉系统，就可以达到高精度的测量，而无需相移或载波装置。对于时间序列散斑计量理论，本文对其在实际应用中可能产生的计算误差进行了详细分析，并且给出了几种减小计算误差的方法。另外，对于实验中的某些系统参数进行了讨论，并给出了相应的系统参数的选择原则和一些结论。在前面所提出的理论基础之上，本文对该方法在实际工程中的应用做出了大量的工作。本文利用时间序列法实现了汽车前灯配光镜的热变形检测、压电陶瓷片的超低频振动分析以及火箭固体燃料的动态力学特性研究。其中对于压电陶瓷片的超低频振动分析是国际上首次使用普通的电子散斑干涉系统（无相移、载波等设备引入）对超低频振动物体进行连续的高精度的振动分析，这对于将来应用序列光学干涉方法研究物体振动是具有开创性和指导性意义的。在火箭固体燃料动态力学特性研究中，时间序列法成功的给出了固体燃料的蠕变曲线和蠕变速率曲线，并且给出了其热变形和蠕变不同时刻的全场位移分布。将时间序列散斑干涉计量方法引入材料蠕变特性的研究在国际上尚属首次，该研究对于将来材料力学性能的研究又提供了一有力的分析工具，并为以后该领域的研究提供了有力的理论和实验依据。最后，本文作者基于时间序列法开发出了一套集多模式图像采集和时间序列相位解调为一体的图像采集和处理软件。更多还原

【Abstract】 When the Speckle Interferometry or the Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (ESPI) is applied to measure the continuous movement or deformation of an object, a temporal speckle interference field will occur. We can obtain the sequence of speckle interferograms by continuously recording the temporal speckle interference field caused by the object temporal deforming using the imaging system. In this paper, we analyzed the modulation of the interference intensity of each pixel on the time sequence speckle patterns in the time domain and proposed a new phase retrieve method, Time Sequence Phase Method (TSPM), in which the time sequence speckle interferograms are used to obtain the whole field deformation of the object. In this new method, the conventional ESPI system can be used to obtain the high quantitative phase results without using the phase shifting or the carrier device.In the Temporal Speckle Pattern Interferometry (TSPI), the possible calculation errors, which may occur in the practical application, are discussed, and some methods used to reduce the errors are given. In addition, the system parameters in the experiment are discussed and their selection principle is also presented.A lot of engineering applications are carried out using our proposed method in this paper, such as thermal deformation measurement of a car lamp, analysis of the super low frequency harmonic vibration of a piezoelectric ceramic, dynamic mechanical behavior analysis of the ballistite material and so on. It is the first time to use the conventional ESPI system (neither phase shifting nor carrier is used) to continuously analyze the super low frequency vibration with high quantitative in the world. So it is initiative and instructive for the future application of the temporal interferometry on the analysis of the vibration. In the study of the dynamic mechanical behavior of the ballistite material, the material’s creep curves and the creep velocity curves are successfully obtained using TSPM, and whole field displacement distributions<WP=8>of the thermal deformation and the mechanical-thermal creep at various times are also retrieved. It is the first time to introduce TSPI into the study of the material creep behaviors in the world. Such research will provide a powerful tool for the study of the material mechanical behaviors and establish the theoretical and the experimental platform for the farther research in this field.Finally, the author developed an image capture and processing software system based on the TSPM. In this software package, the multi-mode image capture methods and the time sequence phase retrieve method are integrated together.更多还原