电子商务环境下的物流信息化

【作者】 慎忱怡；

【导师】 秦春荣；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 情报学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 在全球经济一体化的今天，物流对于一个国家的经济建设和国民生活都发挥着极其重要的作用。通过提高物流效率，降低企业营运成本，是提高企业竞争力的一个重要议题。与此同时，Internet以一股巨大变革力量的面貌出现在商务关系领域，而以Internet为基础的电子商务正在改变许多公司从事商务活动的方式。物流效率的提高越来越多的取决于信息技术。作为电子商务的一部分，物流的信息化和专业化的第三方物流的发展，已经成为目前世界各国和大型跨国集团公司所关注、探讨和实践的热点。 通过物流概念的发展，第三方物流发展的现状，商务活动中物流信息电子化的现象，和越来越多的先进的物流信息技术在物流管理中的应用，都可以明显的看到，物流信息化是电子商务时代的必然要求。物流信息化是物流现代化管理的基础，没有物流的信息化，任何先进的技术设备都不可能应用于物流领域，信息技术和计算机技术在物流中的应用将会彻底的改变世界物流的面貌。 中国物流业近年获得了很大的发展，现代物流作为一个新兴产业正日益受到广泛关注。但是由于各种条件的限制，信息化日益成为制约我国物流业发展的瓶颈。随着中国加入世贸组织，中国开始加快物流产业发展的步伐。2001年，中国政府部门颁布的关于现代物流发展的指导性文件中，特别突出和强调“以信息化带动物流现代化”。如何提高物流信息化水平将是所有关心我国物流业发展的人士所要面对的一个重要课题。 根据世界物流发展和中国物流业现状，本文的作者就电子商务环境下的物流信息化问题展开了讨论，文章的章节安排如下： (1)物流概论； (2)物流与信息流的相关关系 (3)电子商务环境下的物流 (4)物流信息技术与信息化 (5)第三方物流信息化实例研究； 首先，本文介绍了物流概念的起源和发展，及目前物流业多方并存以及第电子商务环境下的物流信息化三方物流发展迅速的现状。接下来，文章进一步介绍了物流与信息流的相关关系，提出了物流过程中存在的信息对物流的促进和部分替代的作用，说明了物流信息的特征和商务活动中信息流发生的电子化的变化。在此基础上进一步结合电子商务的环境特点，说明了电子商务与物流的关系，说明了什么是物流业的电子商务。进而提出在电子商务环境下，现代物流的核心是信息技术，通过具体介绍通用的物流信息技术和各类物流信息管理系统，作者分别针对第一和第二方物流，以及第三方物流，提出了不同的实施物流信息化的模式。文章的第五部分讲述了一个新兴的第三方物流公司是如何实施物流信息化的，并总结了所遇到的问题，提出了对策。在文章的最后部分，作者展望了在电子商务环境下的物流的发展趋势。 在电子商务出现并给商流、物流、信息流带来影响的时候，人们已经逐渐开始意识到物流的重要性，出现了许多讨论电子商务和物流的文章，但绝大多数都只是限于理论的探讨。特别是针对于第三方物流来说，无论是理论的形成还是实践的发展，都处于起步阶段。本文提出的信息系统的构建模式从理论出发，具有实际意义。分析了一个作者亲身经历的实例，无论是遇到的问题，还是由此引发的对物流人才培养的思考和探讨都具有实际意义和借鉴价值，因此具有新意。更多还原

【Abstract】 Today, in an integrated global economy, logistics performs a very important role in the economic development and citizens’ daily life of any country. How to improve logistics efficiency and reduce operating costs of enterprise has now been an important topic in the discussion of enterprise competitiveness enhancement. At the same time, Internet has entered the field of business relationship as a revolutionary power, while Internet-based E-Commerce are transforming ways enterprises do their business. The improvement of logistics efficiency depends more and more on information technology. As an integral part of E-Commerce, the informatization of logistics and specialized 3rd party logistics have now became a hotspot of attentions, discussions and practices for multinational corporations all over the world.It is apparent from the development of concept of logistics, the status quo of 3rd party logistics development, phenomenon showing the informatization of logistics and the increasing applications of advanced logistics information technology in the management of logistics, that the informatization of logistics is a inevitable requirement of the E-Commerce age. The informatization of logistics is the basis of modern logistics management and, without it, it is impossible to utilize any advanced technology or equipments in logistics. The application of information technology and computer technology in logistics will fundamentally transforms the status of world logistics.The logistics industry in China has undergone great development in recent years and modern logistics as an emerging industry has received widespread attention. Constrained by various conditions and limitations, however, informatization has now become the bottleneck of development of modern logistics in China. China began to speed up the development of logistics industry with its accession to the WTO. In 2001, in the guidance papers promulgated by China government agencies, it is specially emphasized and pointed out that "promote the modernization of logistics throughinformatization". How to enhance the level of logistics informatization is now an important subject facing every people who cares about the development of China’s logistics industry.Basing on the development of world logistics and the status quo of China’s logistics industry, the author extends discussion around the informatization of logistics in E-Commerce environment. The chapters are organized as follows:(1) The concept of logistics(2) Interplay between logistics and information flow(3) Logistics under E-Commerce environment(4) Information technology for logistics and the informatization of logistics(5) Case study on the informatization of 3rd party logisticsThis article begins with the introduction to the source and development of the concept of logistics as well as the status quo that various parties of logistics co-exist, accompanied by the rapid development of 3rd party logistics. The article then proceed to introduce the interrelationship between logistics and information flow, propose that in the logistics process, information promote and partly replace logistics, and demonstrate the features of logistics information and the electronic change of information in business activities. With this basis, the article further shows the relationship between E-Commerce and logistics and what constitutes logistics E-Commerce. The forth part of the article advances with the argument that under E-Commerce environment, the core of modern logistics is information technology; by detail introductions to current logistics information technology and various logistics information systems, the author, aiming at Is1, 2nd and 3rd party logistics, brings forward different implementation patterns of informatization of logistics. The fifth part of the article describes the story of how an emerging 3rd party logistics company implements its logistics informatization, summarizes all problems encountered and proposes respective countermeasures. Finally, the author envis更多还原