中学历史教学中环境教育的实践与思考

【作者】 张岩；

【导师】 曲晓范；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 教育， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 随着社会经济的发展及科学技术的进步，人类对自然资源的开发速度大大加快，从而也加速了环境的恶化。森林面积减少、土壤沙化、生物多样性的破坏、环境污染等成为我们面临的严重的环境问题。为了从根本上改善环境，增强人们的环境意识，环境教育正日益受到各国的重视。普及环保知识，让更多的人特别是广大中学生增强环保观念成为当务之急。中小学环境教育是我们培养21世纪人才的主要内容，加强中小学环境教育具有深远的战略意义。我国中小学校的环境教育基本上是通过各门学科的教学，达到环境教育的目的和目标，这说明各学科都担负着研究环境教育的任务。 本文就是从历史学科的角度综合运用历史学、教育学、环境学和地理学等学科知识，具体分析历史学科进行环境教育的必要性、重要性以及具体做法。从环境教育的目的及意义作为起点，以中学历史教学与环境教育的关系为过渡，详细论述了中学历史教学中如何体现环境教育这一核心内容。作为中学历史教师要从教学思想、教学内容、教学方法等方面体现出环境教育的内容。通过实践，要改变以往认为一部人类历史就是一部人与人、人与社会关系的历史的传统观念，让学生认识到一部真正的人类社会历史，既是一部人与人、人与社会关系的历史，更是一部人与自然关系的历史。不要一味地把“征服自然、改造自然”作为人类万能的神话广为流传，要让学生认识到掌握自然规律，顺应自然规律，谋求人与自然和谐发展才是人类历史发展的必然。对于中学历史教学中环境教育的实践与思考，不仅有助于培养学生的坏保意识，树立人与自然和谐相处观，为经济的可持续发展做出历史学科的贡献，而且也必将对人类环境问题的解决和环境保护工作的开展起到推动作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of social economy and the advance of science and technology, humans have speeded up the speed in exploiting environment resources. However, there exist a variety of serious problems we are confronted with like environmental deterioration, a decrease in forest coverage, decertification, exhausted diversified living beings and environmental pollution. Due to these unfavourable conditions, different countries have gradually attached great importance to the education of environment as to surrounding circumstances and people’s awareness of environmental issues. What is important for more people, in particular, students are to have a clear idea of environmental protection. As far as they are concerned, E.E(environmental education) is their main topic, which will be judged whether or not in the 21st century. We can train students future builders and masters capable of controlling future environment. It is also of far-reaching strategic importance. Nowadays, a specific course as Environmental Education hasn’t yet been offered in primary and high schools, but it has been involved among the present courses, which shows its necessity and academic value at scores of course by which their aim and demand can be achieved.Historically, the article is making the comprehensive use of their knowledge of history, education, environmental science and geography, etc and making the exposition of their need and vitality of environmental education applied in a history class. Considering its demand and meaning as a starting point, the relationship between history teaching and environmental teaching as a period of transition. The writer deals with how a history class in high school embodies the core. As a history teacher, he should express his thought that environment education is one of the main topics in the fields of teaching views, contents and methods. By practice, the traditional values must be transformed, at one time or another, the values are not only believed that human history is the relationship betweenhuman and human, man and society, but also the one between human and nature, which should be known to school students that don’t take it for granted that man can conquer nature. Nature can be controlled and conformed to. It is a must for human history to seek the cordial development each other between human and nature. In history teaching, environmental education and deep consideration help raise students awareness of environmental protection, build up a healthy relation between human and nature, in the meantime, make contributions to the sustainable development in economy and come up with a better solution to environmental problems and share the duties of environmental protection.更多还原