【作者】 余泽茂；

【导师】 齐乐华；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 液-固挤压复合材料工艺是近年来发展起来的一种复合材料成形新工艺，因其具有工序少、成本低等优点应用前景十分广阔。然而，整个成形过程集液态金属浸渍、凝固和塑性变形为一体，成形过程十分复杂。本文旨在将数据采集系统和计算机自动控制方法应用于液-固挤压复合材料工艺过程中，为深入认识工艺过程参数变化规律，优化工艺参数，实现工艺过程自动化，加快其推广应用奠定基础。 根据液-固挤压复合材料的工艺特点，本文自行设计了该工艺过程的数据采集系统，并通过大量的试验验证，表明该系统具有良好的适用性和测量的准确性，为深入地研究液-固挤压复合材料工艺过程的内在规律，优化工艺参数和实现模糊控制奠定了基础。通过对试验参数变化过程曲线分析，发现了在复合材料挤压成形阶段，挤压力的变化不仅存在压力逐渐变大的过程，还存在选择不同的工艺参数随时间变化挤压力逐渐减小的变化特性，由此证明了工艺过程本质规律的复杂性。根据试验液压机的电气工作原理，设计了液压机主要工作性能的计算机开关控制系统，实现了对液压机主要功能的计算机控制，克服了只能采用手工操作的局限性，提高了液压机在液-固挤压复合材料的工艺实验时的适应性。以试验液压机作为执行机构，设计了对液压机速度进行控制的计算机模拟量闭环电液比例流量控制系统，为进一步实现液-固挤压复合材料关键参数的控制奠定了理论基础。针对挤压速度控制建立了通用数学模型，并以管材挤压实验为例采用MATLAB仿真技术对这一过程进行了动态仿真，效果较好。 在上述研究的基础上，首次提出集有限元法、ANN知识库和模糊控制为一体的液-固挤压复合材料工艺过程模糊控制系统模型的设计思路。同时，本文自行开发了集数据采集、数据显示、数据查询、曲线波形动态显示和开关控制过程为一体的可视化界面应用程序，并编制了基于Windows标准的接口软件，从而实现了数据采集和开关控制的可视化，提高了数据采集系统的可操作性，符合现代软件发展的趋势，为该工艺的实际应用和模糊控制软件的后续设计奠定了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Liquid-solid extrusion process for composite materials is a new technology developed recently. It is very promising due to its simple procedure and less cost. However, the whole forming process which include infiltration, solidification and plastic deformation is quite complicated. This thesis targets to apply the data collecting system and computer automatic control to the process, so as to deepen the understanding of the law of process parameter change, and automatize the process and lay a base for its open application.According to the character of liquid-solid extrusion process for composite materials, a data collecting system for the process has been created, which facilitate the further research on the laws of liquid-solid extrusion of composite materials, the optimization of the process parameters and the fuzzy control. Experiments have proved its applicability and precision.By analyzing the experimental procedure curve, it is found that during the extrusion not only the extruding pressure will become higher for forming period, but it can also decline if the different process parameters are adopted. This testifies that the substance of the process is complex.Based on the electronic principle of hydraulic press, a computer switching control system has been developed, which has improved the adaptability of hydraulic press in the experiment of the liquid-solid extrusion process of composite materials.With the hydraulic press as the actuator, we designed a computer analogue control system by closed-loop electro hydraulic proportional valve to the moving speed of sliding block of the hydraulic press, which lays a foundation for the further key parameter control.Aiming at the forming speed control, a general mathematical model has been set up. According to the model, the experiment using MATLAB to simulate the process of tube product extrusion showed a very good result.On the basis of the above research, author brought forth an idea to the unite FEM, ANN knowledge and fuzzy control for the fuzzy control system model in liquid-solid extrusion of composite materials. At the same time, a visualized application software on the Windows standard for data collection and switching control is programmed to carry out data collecting, data displaying, data querying, curve dynamic displaying and switching control, which is accord with the software developing trend and facilitates the application of the data collecting system in the process and lays a foundation for the fuzzy control software design in the future.更多还原