【作者】 刘亚纯；

【导师】 甘俊； 伏再辉；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 应用化学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 通过固态离子交换法首次制备了稀土改性FCC催化剂，用XRD、静态低温氮吸附容量法分别测试其晶胞常数、相对结晶保留度和比表面积、孔容；通过NH₃—TPD酸性测试、ACE（高级裂化剂评价）装置，分别考察其酸性质和裂化催化性能，系统研究水热处理条件、不同稀土负载量、不同稀土化合物对固态离子交换法制备的稀土改性FCC催化剂的影响，并与传统溶液离子交换方法制备的稀土改性FCC催化剂进行了比较。在此基础上，进一步用IR，XRD等表征技术对其固态离子交换反应机理进行了探讨。 研究发现在水热焙烧处理过程中，在REY和NH₄分子筛粒子之间存在着固态离子交换现象，即H⁺及RE³⁺可以从高含量的分子筛一侧向低含量的分子筛一侧迁移。由REY和HY分子筛复合制备的催化剂在裂化反应过程中表现出良好的活性和选择性，产品分布也优于单一活性组分的REHY催化剂。 研究结果表明，通过在不同水热条件下的固态离子交换法制备的稀土改性FCC催化剂，其催化性能和物化性质有不同程度的改善，并找到了比较合适的固态离子交换反应水蒸气焙烧条件：进水量为24ml／h，水蒸气压力为0.101Mpa，温度为500℃，时间为4h.稀土改性FCC催化剂的物化性质和催化性能随稀土负载量增加而改善；通过水热固态离子交换制备负载碳酸稀土和氢氧化稀土的两种FCC催化剂具有相似的物化性质和催化性能。IR表征结果支持了上述结论。固态法制得的稀土改性FCC催化剂的物化性质与传统法制得的相当，裂化催化性能比传统法的略好；而且钒污染后表现出更优的物化性质和裂化催化性能。 本文研究结果为通过固态离子交换直接制备稀土改性Y型分子筛FCC催化剂和为稀土改性FCC催化剂的传统制备工艺实现技术创新提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 For the first time the rare-earth modified FCC catalysts have been prepared by solid-state ion exchange instead of traditional solution ion exchange. Their unit cell parameters, relative crystallinity, BET surface area, pore structure, acidity and catalytic performances have been measured by XRD , static nitrogen volumetric adsorption method under low temperature, NHj-TPD and ACE (Advanced Cracking Evaluation) reactor respectively. The influences of different preparation conditions of the FCC catalysts such as steam calcination conditions, rare-earth loading and rare-earth resources on their physico-chemical properties and catalytic performances have been systematically checked. And they are compared with the relative traditional FCC catalysts prepared by the solution ion exchange. Finally, according to the characterization results of XRD and IR, The reaction mechanism of their solid-state ion exchange has been discussed .It is discovered that solid-state ion exchange exists between REY and NH4Y Zeolites after steam calcination and the composite Zeolites FCC catalyst made by them presents better activity and selectivity and product distributions than the single REHY FCC catalyst.The Results show that their physico-chemical properties and catalytic performances have been improved to a different extent under different steam calcination conditions and with the increase of the rare-earth loading. The FCC catalysts prepared by using different rare earth compounds such as rare-earth carbonate and rare-earth hydroxide possess the similar properties. The FCC catalysts prepared by solid-state ion exchange have equal physico-chemical properties to and a bit better catalytic performance and show especially better physico-chemical properties and catalytic performance after contamination by vanadium than the traditional FCC catalyst prepared by the solution ion exchange. The above results lay a theoretical ground for the innovation oftraditional preparation process of FCC catalyst modified by rare-earth.更多还原