德国早期艺术歌曲研究

【作者】 秦晓燕；

【导师】 张兆南；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 音乐学， 2002， 硕士

【副题名】兼论诗歌对艺术歌曲发展的重要影响

【摘要】 艺术歌曲，作为一种音乐体裁，通常被用来描述以诗歌为歌词进行创作，并配以键盘伴奏的独唱歌曲。这种歌曲形式诞生于十八世纪中期，既而迅速成为流行。正如我们今天所认识到的，艺术歌曲属于诗歌与音乐的混血儿，自它产生之日就与诗歌的发展有着千丝万缕的联系。首先，诗歌与音乐的发展在十八世纪早期有着相同的社会背景，文化背景和使用功能。然而，这一切又都与新兴的资产阶级的文化需求有着极大的关系。新的社会阶层不满足于贵族文化一统天下的局面，希望寻求一种表达他们所属阶层情感的艺术形式，在这种需求下，独唱歌曲开始呈现出明显的变化，在巴洛克时期它只占职业音乐家创作的一小部分，到十八世纪中期，它逐渐在家庭中流行，歌曲的创作数量增多，而且，业余歌手演唱这些歌曲也不再是为取悦于贵族，而是为了自身的乐趣，通常只为家人和朋友演唱。另一方面，从十八世纪四十年代开始，随着以描写资产阶级生活为主的抒情诗歌的出现，许多作曲家开始选择它作为歌词进行歌曲创作。并且这种新型歌曲的风格伴随着诗歌风格的转变而不断发展和完善。本文拟从诗歌与音乐的发展关系为出发点，结合十八世纪德国的社会和政治背景，对德国早期艺术歌曲产生与发展的原因进行分析和研究。 全文包括绪言，正文和结束语三部分。绪言阐明了本课题的研究意义。正文分为三个部分，第一部分详细分析了诗歌与音乐在十八世纪德国的发展共性。第二部分论述了十八世纪中期抒情诗歌与独唱歌曲的融合，并揭示了艺术歌曲在不同的时期的不同风貌。第三部分集中论证了诗歌与其他因素对艺术歌曲发展的影响，并由此而论及其现实意义。结束语部分总结了十八世纪艺术歌曲的总的特征以及与十九世纪艺术歌曲发展相同和不同之处。更多还原

【Abstract】 The art-song, as the term is generally used to describe a vocalised solo song written with piano accompaniment. This began about the middle of the eighteenth century and quickly became very popular, as we perceive it today, art-song is a hybrid form consisting of poem and melody. Therefore, poem has never lost its association with music. First of all , the development of poem and music in the early eighteenth century was directly related to the social backgrounds , culture . Its function was linked to t the growing damands of the bourgeoisie classes. This new class of peoples who were not satisfied with their cultural position in the society and wanted to find a means to express the experience and emotions of its own kind . as a result, a marked pattern of change can be observed after the middle of the eighteenth century in the use of the solo song, in that while it had been cultivated by professional musicians of the baroque era as a minor form beside large vocal works in opera or church music, it now became a favourite of the amateur singer who sang not for aristocrats but for his own pleasure and that of his family and friends. On the other hand , With the appearance of lyric poetry which concentrated on describing the life of the middle class , which many composers from about the early 1740’ s began to use the words for producing musical compositions. From that moment, the new genre of solo song, along with the changes of characteristics of lyrical poetry , appeared many dif-ferent styles. The study of this dissertation is an attempt to illustrate a moment in the musical life of eighteenth century Germany, in which both poetry and music are seen as complementary to each other and both as embedded in the social and political realities of their age.The thesis contains three parts of the preface, the main text and the conclusion . the preface clarifies the significance of the question for study. The main text consists of three parts as well. The first one shows the common ground in the process of the development of poetry and music, in the second part, the author elucidates the combination of lyrical poetry and solo song since 1740s and three different phrases in the development of the art-song in the eighteenth century. The last part explains the effects which was impressed by poetry and other influencing factors and the significance of realism.Finally , the conclusion identifies the characteristics of lied in the eighteenth century and the influence to the art-song in the Nineteenth century.更多还原