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基于单片机的木材干燥自动监控系统的研究

Development of Real-Time Monitoring System in Wood Drying Based on Single-Chip Microcomputer

【作者】 王权岱

【导师】 王蓝; 邱增处;

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 , 木材科学与技术, 2003, 硕士

【摘要】 木材干燥是木制品加工生产中的一道重要工序。木材干燥的自动控制由于能够提高干燥效率和质量、节约能源、节约人工成本而成为木材干燥技术发展的趋势。目前,我国木材干燥企业的现状是规模小、分布散、自动化水平低。本论文研究的目的就是致力于提高我国中小型木材干燥系统的自动化水平,提高干燥效率和质量。 本论文研究中,首次采用面向对象编程工具Delphi6.0的强大功能,在国内中小型木材干燥系统中实现了木材干燥现场工艺的模拟显示和监控,监控画面形象直观,使用方便。通过研究面向对象编程技术、多线程技术、数据库技术及Windows通讯技术等,完成了上位机监控软件的开发。系统除完成对现场设备的监控外,还集成了木材干燥专家知识库,并加强了安全运行的设计。 在研究单片机技术的基础上,研制开发了以8032单片机为核心的下位机控制器,并采用模块化程序设计方法完成下位机软件设计。在软硬件功能划分上,充分开发软件功能从而相应减少硬件成本,使系统更好地适应国内中小型企业的需要。下位机主要完成现场数据采集、处理、控制以及与上位机之间的通讯,并且能脱离上位机独立完成控制任务。下位机控制采用连续控制系统中技术最成熟的PID控制算法,控制稳定、可靠。模块化程序设计方法的使用使得程序结构清晰,便于调试和移植。系统充分利用单片机的中断功能,实现系统的实时控制。 通过研究单片机的串行通讯技术和Windows的通讯技术,开发了通讯软件,完成了上下位机之间的通讯。 上、下位机联调及功能测试结果表明,系统控制可靠,监控方便、灵活。系统性能价格比高,并具有一定的通用性。本系统的开发对于促进西部地区现有的为数众多的中小型干燥系统的自动化改造,提高国内木材干燥自动化水平,提高木材干燥质量和效率具有重要的现实意义。

【Abstract】 Wood drying is a very important process in the manufacture of wood products.The automatic control in wood drying is paid more and more attention for its advantages in improving quality,reducing energy consuming and cutting manual work cost.At present,the wood drying enterprises in our country are characterized with small in scale,dipersing in distribution and low in automation level.The purpose of the study is to improve the conditions in civil ones.In this paper, real-time monitoring software is developed based on the technology of Object Oriented Programming , Multi-thread, database and Windows communication. Analogue display of spot technological process is implemented based on the development technology of Delphi6.0.The analogue picture is vivid and convenient in operation. Besides,the database of wood drying experts knowledge is integrated in system.Also in this paper,the subsystem based on single-chip microcomputer 8032 is designed and the controller is made.The hardware cost is reduced a lot by developing the software functions sufficiently, which makes it meet the demand of civil small and medium enterprises .The main function of the subsystem is sampling and processing spot data ,controlling on spot equipment and communicating with superior monitoring center. PID control algorithm is employed .The control program based on modularization structure is convenient in debuging and transplanting .System real-time property is improved by the full usage of the interrupt function of 8032 CPU.The communication software is developed based on the technology of Windows communication and 8032 series port communication.The function test shows that the system is reliable in control ,convenient in operation and versatile in function .This study will benefit the restructure of the many small and medium wood drying systems in western China and the improvement of automation level of other civil wood drying enterprises.

  • 【分类号】S776
  • 【被引频次】4
  • 【下载频次】506
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