【作者】 贺忠群；

【导师】 邹志荣；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验采用早中熟黄瓜（Cucumis Statirus L）品种津春2号，在前人关于温室黄瓜灌溉土壤水分始点的基础上，对秋延后温室黄瓜结果期适宜灌溉土壤水分上限进行了探讨，并确定了相关性指标，灌水量和灌溉次数。研究了不同灌溉土壤水分上限（80％，85％，90％，95％，100％）下，黄瓜的株高、茎粗、叶面积、节间长、开花座果率、植株干鲜重、根系活力、自由水、束缚水含量、叶绿素、叶水势、光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、黄瓜品质、产量及水分利用率等情况。结果表明：不同灌溉上限对黄瓜结果期的生长发育有显著的影响。不同处理间，株高随植株的生长有显著性差异，与灌溉土壤水分上限呈高度直线正相关。茎粗增长在85％-90％较快、开花座果率在85％-95％间差异不大，表现较好。植株干重、根系活力，叶绿素含量，平均光合速率均在A₃处理表现为好。水分上限对根系活力，光合速率以三次多项式拟合为优。光合速率最高值随植株生长向水分上限高区上移。蒸腾速率与灌溉上限呈直线正相关。回归方程分别为： y_光合=2721.7x³-7817.x²+7430.1x-2323.6 R²=0.9982 y_根系活力=-311.23x³+787.662x²-658.47x+182.6 R²=0.998。 y_蒸腾=11.84x-5.4691 r=0.9347。 在90％处理区，自由水／束缚水值最大，植株细胞代谢活动最为旺盛。叶水势随灌溉上限的增大而增大。对总产量的影响，在灌水上限90％最高，但前期产量在85％较高。总产量与灌水量呈二次曲线关系。水分利用率在85％-95％间较大，但差异不大。黄瓜品质在90％最好，水分上限对黄瓜可溶性总糖含量影响较大，而对Vc影响不大。 通过灰色关联度综合分析，滴灌条件下，在秋延后温室黄瓜栽培中，结果期土壤水分上限以田间持水量的90％为好，此时的灌水量为1934.76m³／hm²，灌水次数为10次。这样既有利于提高水分利用率，又可达优质高产目的。在不能保证90％的灌水条件下，水分上限可下降至85％或上升至95％。更多还原

【Abstract】 The experiments were performed on greenhouse cucumber(Cucumis Statirus L. CV. Jingchun2hao) in the horticultural station in Northwestern Agricultural University, to study the optimum irrigation index for greenhouse cucumber during fruit-bearing stage and some relative indexs,irrigation ammourt and irrigation frequencies,on the basis of previous research of soil water irrigation starting point.Under different soil water irrigation maxiums (80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 100%), the following items were measured: plant height, stem diameter, leafarea,dry weight and fresh weight of stem, root activity, relative water content of root, bloom and fruit-bearing ratio, free water and bound water water content, free-bound ratio, chlirophl, leaf water pontential, net photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, stomatic conductance, quality of cucumber, total yield and water effective utilization ratio,.The result showed: different soil water irrigation maximum had remarkable influence on growth of cucumber. Among the five treatments, there existed remarkable different in plant height with the growth, and was correlated with irrigation maximum which was line relation, stem diameter reached the highest point in 85-90 percent treatment, and there was no significant differences in these two treatments. Bloom and fruit-bearing ratio are best in 85-95 percents, dry weight of stem, root activity, chlorophyl and the average photosynthesis rate are all best in 90 percent. Root activity and the average photosynthesis were in cubic function curve relation with the irrigation maximums. Transpiration rate was line relation with the irrigation maximums. The regression equation and relative coefficient were:y光合 =2721.7x3-7817.x2+7430.1x-2323.6 R2=0.9982y根系活动=-311.23x3+787.662x2-658.47x+ 182.6 R2=0.998.y蒸腾=11.84x-5.4691 r=0.9347.In 90% percent, free water-bound water was highest and the metobolism of plant was active. Leaf water potential increased when the irrigation maximum increased. The effect on total yield was obvious and it was highest in 90 percent, but the foreperiod yield was highest in 85 percent. The total yield was curve relation with water irrigation maximums. The quality of cucumber was best in 90 percent, and it has remarkable effect on the content of soluable sugar ,but has no obvious effect on the content of Vc.By grey relational grade analysis on experiment under different irrigation maximum cf greenhouse cucumber during autumn delating period, It showed that the optimum water irrigation maximum was 90 percent during fruit-bearing stage under drip irrigation, the whole amount of irrigation was 1934.76m3/hm2,and the times was 10, thus we can improve water effective utilization and attain high yields good quality. If we can not keep 90 percent, the water irrigation also can be declined to 85 percent or raised to 95 percent.更多还原