“真”和“真的”论析——句法、语义、语用功能及其语法化过程和机制分析

【作者】 厉霁隽；

【导师】 范开泰；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 语言学及应用语言学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 语法研究有很多方法，本文是用例的研究，就是集中研究某一个词，尽可能求其完备，以期运用于对外汉语教学中，提高对外汉语教学基础研究的水平。 本文对“真”和“真的”进行了全面的考察，发现把“真”分为形容词和副词会产生一些问题，提出并论证了现代汉语中有三个“真”：语气副词、区别词和状态副词。并通过比较和变换分析揭示这三个“真”的不同特点。在此基础上，再对“真的”进行分析，论证了现代汉语中有两个“真的”：一个是“的”字短语，一个是语气副词。并把“真+的+名词中心语”中的“真的”和“的”字短语“真的”区别开来。鉴于对语气副词“真的”的研究存在很多空白，本文着重分析了语气副词“真的”的语用功能和语法化过程。语气副词“真的”的用法是在20世纪初才出现的，是“的”字短语“真的”由于句位变化、语境吸收、省略等机制和原因共同作用而产生语法化的结果更多还原

【Abstract】 This is an exemplificative investigation. This dissertation focuses on one word and tries to analyze it on every aspect in order to apply the conclusion in the work of Teaching Chinese as a Second Language and improve its basic investigation."zhen" and "zhen de" are investigated comprehensively in this dissertation. It is discovered that it is unsuitable to classify "zhen" as an adjective and an adverb. In fact, there are three kinds of "zhen": modal adverb, distinctive and state adverb. Their difference is discovered by comparing and transformational analyses.Based on this, "zhen de" is investigated and it is classified as "de"-phrase and modal adverb. Then "zhen de" in "zhen+de+noun" and "de"-phrase are distinguished in this dissertation. What’s more, the syntactic function and grammaticalizing process of "zhen de" as a modal adverb are investigated particularly. It was in the early 20th century that "zhen de" was used as a modal adverb because of the comprehensive effect of syntactic change, absorption of context and ellipsis and so on更多还原