【作者】 郝永春；

【导师】 彭新光；

【作者基本信息】 太原理工大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 软件质量一直是软件领域中的研究热点，大多数软件失败都和软件的质量有关。随着软件系统越来越复杂，基于体系结构的开发模式成为当前开发软件的主要模式，因此对体系结构的分析和评价势在必行。 长期以来体系结构的设计和分析缺乏理论支持，主要依赖于体系结构师的经验。体系结构的分析主要考虑以下问题：体系结构质量如何度量，如何建立质量模型，使用什么方法分析体系结构质量。本文从一般软件度量出发，分析了体系结构质量属性和目前现有的一些性能质量模型，以及现有性能质量分析存在的问题，同时分析体系结构的设计和分析方法，提出了新的性能分析方法和模型。性能是体系结构的一个质量属性，考虑系统对特定时间的响应时间和在给定时间段内响应事件的数目。 软件体系结构都是为了解决一定的问题，从同一份需求会映射出多个体系结构，也就说这些软件体系结构有一些组成 太原理工大学硕士学位论文单元会相同，就有可能通过比较的方法选出其中最合适的一个。本文提出先提取体系结构的进程视图，然后利用排队理论分析进程视图建立体系结构性能模型的方法。进程视图是体系结构的一个通用视图，描述体系结构的动态行为，进程视图是由进程和数据流组成。从进程并发的角度看，进程与网络节点相似。本文分析计算机网络节点和软件体系结构的组件进程角度的相似性、网络的拓扑结构与体系结构的拓扑结构的相似性、网络处理报文和软件处理数据单元的相似性。这些相似性构成了使用网络排队理论分析体系结构的基础，网络排队理论有许多结论，这些结论能够满足体系结构性能分析的要求，文中主要分析了体系结构的平均最大吞吐量和平均响应时间。软件体系结构由构件和连接件组成，本文分析了构成体系结构的六种组成元素，通过这些组成元素的转化提取体系结构的进程视图，然后应用排队理论建立性能建模。最后文中使用语境中的关键词系统中的两个体系结构设计实例来说明本文提出方法如何使用，而后就这两个体系结构性能作了比较分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 Software quality is always an important issue in the domain of software and most software fail with quality problem. For the software developed is more and more complex, the architecture-based software development mode is the main one; therefore the analysis and evaluation of architecture are necessary at present.Architecture design and analysis depend mainly on experience of architect but not on the theory for a long time. When the software architecture is analyzed, the following questions can be considered: how to measure architecture quality, how to build quality model and what method used to analysis architecture quality. Based on the common software metric theory, the quality attributes are analyzed and the performance model of architecture is put forward in the thesis. Combined with the problem ofperformance model and the result of analysis of design and analysis method, a new method and model of performance analysis are given. Performance is one of architecture quality attributes and considers two aspects of system responsiveness: either the time required to respond to specific events, or the number of events processed in a given time interval.The architecture is designed to solve some problems. Many software architectures may be mapped from the same requirement; therefore some elements of these architectures may be the same so that by comparing these architectures the best architecture can be chosen. The thesis present the method that first we extract the process view from architecture description and then use queueing theory to analysis the process view to build architecture performance model. The process view is one of general architecture views, which describes architectural behavior. Component and data stream constitute a view of process. From concurrent view of process, processes in the view are like nodes in network. We analyze the likeness between nodes in network andcomponents in architecture in process view, between topological structure of network and software architecture, and between messages transmitted by network and data elements processed by software. These likenesses are the basis to analyze the architecture performance with queueing theory that has some good conclusion to meet the analysis of architecture performance. We also debate the maximum throughput in average and average latency of software architecture. By transforming architecture elements (component and connector), we can get the process view of architecture. In the end we use the method to analyze the two cases in KWIC system and compare the results of architecture performance analysis.更多还原