【作者】 薛爽；

【导师】 黄廷林；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 市政工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来，随着延安地区石油工业的迅速发展，原油采炼过程中排出的大量污染物对延安地区的水体造成了严重的污染。作为延安重要的饮用水水源地的王瑶水库的水质受到了石油类污染的严重影响。本文的目的是评价王瑶水库水质的污染现状和水平、研究沉积物中的石油类污染物的平面和纵向分布特点及沉积物中的石油类污染物向上覆水体释放的规律。为控制和治理水源污染，确保水库水质达到饮用水的水质标准，提供科学依据。 对王瑶水库水体的物质组成及水体中PAHs的含量进行了测定和分析。根据GC／MS测定的结果，王瑶水库水体中共有71种化合物，分为13类。其中有10种化合物被美国环保局列为优先控制污染物；6种化合物属于中国环境优先污染物“黑名单”。水体中PAHs的含量在0.9～17×10^-9g／L之间。 分析了石油类污染物在沉积物中的分布规律。根据所测的结果，沉积物中石油类含量在70.29～1013.18mg／kg之间，由此可见，王瑶水库的石油类污染比较严重。石油类污染物在沉积物中纵向上的含量变化并不大，由此可推断出，王瑶水库流域内的石油类污染在近年来并没有得到有效的控制。 研究了石油类释放的动力学过程，推导了静态条件下沉积物中的石油类释放的方程。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the fast development of oil industry in the Yan’an districts ,a increase amount of oil pollutants drained aquatic environment caused serious environmental pollutation in Yan’an districts .Wang Yao Reservior is important drinking water resources of the City of Yan’an . Water quality of Wang Yao Reservior have been seriously affected. The purpose of the treatise is to appraise the polluting conditions and leveK and to study the characters of oil pollutants’ plane and vertical distribution in sediments , the realeasing laws of oil pollutants in sediments to above water body. The article supplies scientific base to control and harvess water resources and ensure the water quality to come to the standard of drinking water.The article has determined and analyzed the material composition and the content of PAHs in water body of Wang Yao Reservoir. There are 71 compounds in the water body of Wang Yao Reservoir , and which can be divided to 13 species. In which there are 10 compounds to be labeled as Priority Pollutants by EPA. And there are 6 compounds belonging to the "black list" of Priority Pollutants prescribed by China. The content of PAHs in water varies from 0.9 × 10-9g/L to 17 × 10-9g/L.The article has analyzed the laws of oil pollutants distribution in sediments. The content of oil pollutants in sediments varies from 70.29-1013.18mg/kg, From which we can conclude that oil pollution is serious. The longitudinal content of oil pollutants in sediments vary little, which proves that oil pollution had not been controlled effectively in recent years.The article has studied dynamic process of oil pollutants’ release, and deduced the equation of release of oil pollutants in sediments to water body.更多还原