节点文献
教学中建构合作型师生关系的思考
Thinking on Constructing Co-operative Relationship between Teachers and Students
【作者】 支爱玲;
【导师】 郝文武;
【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 , 教育, 2002, 硕士
【摘要】 21世纪社会对人才素质提出了更高的要求,学生不仅需要有丰富的知识、高尚的品德、更需要形成自主、探索、发现等获取知识的方法,具备合作意识、合作能力、创新精神和健康人格等良好的个性品质,而这些素质的形成必须在合作的氛围和环境中滋养;教学是提高教育质量和培养人才的主要途径,是实施素质教育的主阵地、主渠道,在教学中建构合作型师生关系具有重要的意义。论文主要从基于新教学理念下的合作型师生关系的特征以及在教学中建构合作型师生关系的师生交往原则、教学模式和条件等三个部分进行论述,以期在教学中建构一种符合社会要求和促进个人发展的新型师生关系模式。 第十部分:新教学理念下合作型师生关系的特征 教学中建构合作型师生关系的依据有三方面:建构主义和人本主义学习理论为在教学中建构合作型师生关系提供了理论支点;教学是教与学的交往、互动,师生相互交流、相互沟通、相互启发、相互补充,教学过程是师生共享、共进的过程,是教师和学生共同参与课程创生与开发的过程,是关注人发展的过程的现代教学观呼唤在教学中建构合作型师生关系;对合作型师生关系意义的认识成为在教学中建构合作型师生关系的动力依据;改变传统的专制型师生关系,使师生得到彻底的解放是历史的选择。 基于新教学理念下的合作型师生关系是以促进学生发展为目标,在师生相互尊重、理解和信任的基础上,以各自独特,的身份和地位进行交往而形成的,以民主平等、对话交流、协商共享、师生包容、教师引导为特征的关系体系。 第二部分:论述在教学中建构合作型师生关系的师生交往原则和教学模式,这一部分内容是论文的重点 (一)教学中建构合作型师生关系的师生交往原则 教学的本质是交往,在教学中建构合作型的师生关系师生交往必须遵循以下四条原则: 1、尊重信任性原则。贯彻此原则,必须注意热爱学生,关注学生的心灵;承认学生差异,尊重学生个性;信任学生,培养学生自尊心、自信心;2、理解性原则。师生增强理解意识;自我理解,善解人意;通过对话,实现彼此理解;3、自主性原则。首先要把学生作为一个人看待,然后才是学生;为每个学生创造尽可能适合的环境,让学生按照自己的方式学习和发展;4、共进性原则。教学中发扬民主;师生互相切磋,共同提高。 (二)教学中建构合作型师生关系的教学模式 教学中建构合作型的师生关系,需改变传统教学中注重教师灌输的单向线性教学模式,实践一种师生互动、凸显师生主体性的非线性教学模式,教学中注重在创设合作教学情境、协商对话、师生反思、师生合作评价等四个方面环环相扣循环往复; 第三部分:教学实践中建构合作型师生关系的条件 (一)形成新的教育理念,是教学中建构合作型师生关系的前提 教师形成教育是人类的一种社会实践活动,教育目的是培养、发展和完善人的本质,是关注人生存状态的一种特殊的生活的现代教育本质观;教师是人,是促进学生全面和谐发展的人,是在与学生交往中不断发展和完善的人的教师观;学生是正在发展的、独特的人的学生观。 (二)提高自身素质,树立教师威信是教学中建构合作型师生关系的基础 教师的威信反映着教师在学生心目中的地位、影响力及学生对教师的佩服和信任程度,体现着教师对学生的吸引力和凝聚力。教师需以自己的学识、能力、人格等一点一滴地培育威信,没有威信的教师难以形成合作式的师生关系。 (三)创设民主合作的育人环境是教学中建构合作型师生关系的保障 教育管理中体现合作性。在教育管理中通过激发教职工参与管理的积极性,注重非理性管理和确证教师的主体地位等,营造合作的人际关系环境形成合作型的教育管理模式:班级管理。教师应积极改革以班主任为主体的传统管理模式,进行班级管理主体重心的转移,实现在教师指导下师生共同管理班级。 思考和探讨教学中本真的师生关系不仅能使我们理清思路,更新观念,而且为培养具有创新精神、实践能力和合作品质的新型人才创设良好的环境和氛围,使素质教育的理念得到落实,所以,在教学中重塑师生真情世界,建构合作型师生关系应置于教育教学改革的重心。
【Abstract】 To respond the increasingly numerous, increasingly diversified and constantly changing demands made by society, education is called upon to mobilize the society productive energies by ensuring that required human resources with integrated ability are developed. This social goal of education is forcing a shift of major emphasis about the relationship between teaching and learning from instruction and absorption to co-operation, in which a co-operative circumstance is set up for the development of the students’ sense of independence, co-operation, research and creative exploration. Hence, the construction of co-operative relationship, a new type of relationship between teachers and students is urgently called for. This thesis endeavors to do research work on three aspects respectively in three parts about constructing a model of this co-operative relationship in the hope that real successful co-operation of teachers and their students can be carried out in their teaching context.Part One: Features of the co-operation of teachers and students based on new concept of teachingThe definition and the features of co-operative relationship between teachers and students are identified with the theoretical support including theories of constructivism and humanism. The writer’s attention is devoted to the significance of constructing the co-operative relationship by analyzing teaching and learning process. Then the co-operation of teachers and students based on new concept of teaching is considered as a system which involves democratically and equally associating, consulting, sharing and accommodating in teaching context.Part two: Both principles for teachers and students’ contact and teaching strategies required to construct co-operative relationship in teaching processThe presentation of the principles such as respecting, understanding,independence and promoting and teaching strategies in this part is on the purpose of discussing how to construct co-operative relationship between teachers and students.Part three: The necessary conditions for constructing co-operative relationship between teachers and studentsThe prerequisite consisting of the modern views of education, the basis built out of the development of teachers’ quality and the insurance guaranteed by the democratic teaching context will be discussed in this part.In general, we make research on the true relationship between teachers and students to construct a circumstance in which the idea of quality-oriented education can be fully put into practice to develop the creative, productive and co-operative human resources to meet the demands of society.
【Key words】 teaching and learning; modern views of teaching; co-operative relationship between teachers and students;
- 【网络出版投稿人】 陕西师范大学 【网络出版年期】2004年 01期
- 【分类号】G456
- 【被引频次】30
- 【下载频次】1483