【作者】 李海华；

【导师】 李树人；

【作者基本信息】 河南农业大学 ， 生态学， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对郑州市郊区23种蔬菜对六种重金属元素的富集规律进行了研究。结果表明：郑州市北郊的蔬菜已全部受到有害元素的污染。其中，汞污染最为严重。不同类别的蔬菜对六种重金属表现出不同的富集规律。蔬菜对镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)及砷(As)的富集体现为：叶菜类＞花果类＞块根类，其中，叶菜类与块根类中镉(Cd)含量差异显著；蔬菜对铅(Pb)及铜(Cu)的富集表现为：花果类＞叶菜类＞块根类，其中，花果类与块根类的铅(Pb)含量差异显著，叶菜类、花果类与块根类的铜(Cu)含量差异均显著；而蔬菜对汞(Hg)的富集与其它略有差异，表现为：叶菜类＞块根类＞花果类。蔬菜对土壤中的砷(As)、汞(Hg)及铅(Pb)的富集能力较弱，其含量均低于土壤中的含量，其富集系数最高的分别为：47.1328、26.23、34.33。蔬菜对土壤中铬(Cr)、镉(Cd)及铜(Cu)却有极强的富集能力，其富集系数分别达到114.35、125.27，蔬菜中铜(Cu)的含量甚至达到土壤中铜(Cu)含量的数十倍到上百倍。用单因子污染指数法和综合污染指数法对郑州市北郊蔬菜的卫生状况进行了评价。结果表明，汞(Hg)污染最为严重，超标率达100％，其次是铜(Cu)和镉(Cd)，超标率分别为86％、82％，铅(Pb)、铬(Cr)和砷(As)的污染状况相对较轻，但也达到了56％、61％和39％；用综合污染指数法进行评价，综合污染指数均大于2.4，没有一个品种符合绿色蔬菜标准。这说明郑州市北郊蔬菜的重金属污染尤其是汞污染状况极其严重。更多还原

【Abstract】 The characters and regulations that the harmful elements are absorbed in the twenty_three kinds of vegetables in the suburb of zhengzhou city was studied. The results showed that: all the vegetables had been polluted in the suburb of zhengzhou city. Mercury is the most pollutant in all elements. The characters that the heavy metals were absorbed in different kinds of vegetables was not the same. The capacity of vegetables of absorbing and enriching cadmium(Cd) ,chromium(Cr) and arsenic(As) was: leaf eaten vegetables > flower and grain eaten vegetables >root eaten vegetables. The capacity of vegetables of enriching lead(Pb) and copper(Cu) was: flower and grain eaten vegetables >leaf eaten vegetables >root eaten vegetables . While the capacity of vegetables of enricching mercury(Hg) was: leaf eaten vegetables > root eaten vegetables > flower and grain eaten vegetables . vegetables displayed a lower capacity of enriching As ,Hg and Pb in soil . The contents in vegetableswas fewer than that of in soli . The highest enrichment coefficient respectly was : 47.1328, 26.23 , 34.33. But vegetables displayed a high capacity of enriching Cr, Cd and Cu. The enrichment coefficient were all over 100. The contents of Cu in vegetables was 10 times-100 times than that of in soil. Using single pollution exponent and synthesis exponent, the vegetables in the suburb of zhengzhou city were assessed. The results showed that : Hg was the biggest pollutant. And the exceeding percentage-which exceeds the food health standard was 100%. While the exceeding percentage of Cu and Cd were 86% and 82%. The exceeding percentage of Pb , Cr and As were lower, beeing 56%, 61% and 39%, respectly. All the vegetables .synthesis pollution exponent is over 2.4. None is green vegetable. Which showed that the vegetables in the suburb of zhengzhou city were all polluted, and Hg pollution is the most serious.更多还原