【作者】 张艳萍；

【导师】 严火其；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 科学技术哲学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 心与身的关系，历来就是哲学与医学共同关注的课题，有关心身问题的各种哲学理论和学说都可以在医学的发展中找到其历史的印记。心身医学的发展和现代医学模式的转换，深化了我们对心与身问题的认识，加深了我们对健康与疾病的理解。 心身医学和生物、心理、社会医学模式在研究内容和范畴方面虽有差异，但它们之间的关系却是因果相循、互为依托。心身医学是生物、心理、社会医学模式的科学基础；生物、心理、社会医学模式的形成和发展又促进和深化了对心身医学的研究。 人类对心身关系的认识经历了古代社会的心身统一，中世纪和近代社会的心身分离，到现代社会心身在更高层次上的重新统一的历程。 与心身关系认识发展的不同阶段相对应，人类的医学模式也经历了神灵主义医学模式，自然哲学医学模式，机械论和生物医学模式，以及现代的生物、心理、社会医学模式。 生物、心理、社会医学模式是医学模式发展的最新形式，对于人们的疾病防治和健康保健具有重要的作用。但它在我国社会中的全面落实还面临相当多的挑战。主要有临床医生受传统生物医学模式的严重禁锢；护理人员心身护理观念淡薄；医院就医环境与管理不适应生物、心理、社会医学模式的要求。我国社会还处在由生物医学模式向生物、心理、社会医学模式转换的过程之中。 对心身医学发展和医学模式转换的考察，引发我们多方面的思考。 一、心身医学和医学模式的转换深化了我们对哲学基本问题的认识。它表明，心理和生理是相互作用，相互影响，密不可分的。心身二元论在理论上是错误的，在实践上是有害的。 二、心身医学和医学模式转换是对技术至上论的一个有力批判。它告诉我们，技术是重要的，但技术不是唯一的。技术手段虽是治疗疾病和保障健康的有力工具，但要真正保障人类的健康，只有技术是不够的。在运用技术的同时，必须重视和强调人文关怀。同时，技术本身也应该人文化。有必要发展人文化的诊疗技术和医疗体系。心身医学发展与医学模式转换的相关研究 三、治疗疾病和改造社会是辩证的统一社会因素是引起疾病的一个重要方面，改造社会是治疗疾病的一个重要措施;另一方面，疾病的诊治本身也是对社会的一种改造，是促进社会健康稳定发展的必要条件。 四、中西医学在心身医学发展和实现医学模式的转换中，各有自己的长处和不足.西医学长于分析、长于局部，短于整体和综合;中医则长于整体和综合，而短于具体和实证.所以在未来医学发展中应吸收中西医学之所长，走整体综合医学之路。更多还原

【Abstract】 The relations between the mind and body is a task attended by philosophy and medicine, we can find the historical imprint of philosophical theory and doctrine about the problem of mind and body from the development of medicine. Development of psychosomatic medicine and conversion of modern medical model have deepened the knowledge about the problem of mind and body, the comprehension of health and disease.The relation between psychosomatic medicine and biopsychosocial medical model is interdependent one another ,although ,they have some difference in research content and category . Psychosomatic medicine provided the science foundation for biopsychosocial medical model; and the conversion of biopsychosocial medical model accelerated the research of psychosomatic medicine .Human’s knowledge about the problem of mind and body went through the unification of mind and body in ancient society , the separation of mind and body in middle ages, the reunification of mind and body on higher rank in modern society.Corresponding the phases of the knowledge of mind and body, medical model also went through the mysticism medical model - natural philosophy medical model > biomedical modek biopsychosocial medical model.Biopsychosocial medical model is the newest medical model. It has a very important effect on the prevention and cure of disease and health protection, but there are a lot of difficulty and challenge to take it into effect in our country. Such as :the ideation of clinician has been astricted by biomedical model; the paramedic’s psychosomatic concept was indifferent ; the circumstance and management of hospital didn’t adapt the demand of biopsychosocial medical model .Our country is still in the course of conversion from biomedical model to biopsychosocial medical model.Through the review of psychosomatic medicine and medical model conversion, arose us some consideration.1. Development of psychosomatic medicine and conversion of modern medical model have deepened the knowledge about the fundamental problem of philosophy. It indicated that mentality and physiology is interactional. Mind and body dualism is false in theory ,ill in pratice .2. Psychosomatic medicine and conversion of modern medical model is a effectively animadvert on technology paramountism. It told us , technology is important ,but not exclusive . Although technical meaning can cure disease and keep health, to ensure humans health only depend on technology is not enough. While using technology, we must attach importance to humanism. At the same time, technology itself also should convert to humanism. It is necessary to develop the humanistic diagnosis and treat technology and medical treatment system.3. Curing disease and modifying society is a dialectic unification. Social factor is one aspect to arouse disease, and modifying society is a important way to cure disease, as for another aspect ,disease itself is change for society, is a necessary condition to improve society development healthily and stably.4. Chinese and west medicine has strongpoint and weakness respectively in development of psychosomatic medicine and conversion of modern medical model. West medicine is adept at analysis , microcosmic, and fail in macrocosm and synthesis. Chinese medicine is adept at macrocosm and synthesis, and fail in materiality and demonstration. Therefore, we should absorb the strongpoint of Chinese and west medicine, take holistic synthetical medicine steps in future medicine development.更多还原